महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-19

चलत्पताकैः प्रमुखैर्हेमकक्ष्यातनुच्छदैः ।
मिमर्दिषन्तस्त्वरिताः प्रदीप्तैरिव पर्वतैः ॥१९॥

19. calatpatākaiḥ pramukhairhemakakṣyātanucchadaiḥ ,
mimardiṣantastvaritāḥ pradīptairiva parvataiḥ.

19. calatpatākaiḥ pramukhaiḥ hemakakṣyātanucchadaiḥ
mimardiṣantaḥ tvaritāḥ pradīptaiḥ iva parvataiḥ

19. calatpatākaiḥ pramukhaiḥ hemakakṣyātanucchadaiḥ
pradīptaiḥ parvataiḥ iva mimardiṣantaḥ tvaritāḥ

19. (They, the elephants) with waving banners, leading the charge, and adorned with golden belts and coverings, swiftly advanced, eager to crush, like blazing mountains.

Words meanings summery:

• चलत्पताकैः (calatpatākaiḥ) - (elephants) with waving banners (with waving banners, with moving flags)

• प्रमुखैः (pramukhaiḥ) - leading the charge, at the front (leading, chief, prominent, foremost)

• हेमकक्ष्यातनुच्छदैः (hemakakṣyātanucchadaiḥ) - (elephants) adorned with golden belts and body coverings (with golden belts and body-coverings, having golden trappings)

• मिमर्दिषन्तः (mimardiṣantaḥ) - eager to crush (wishing to crush, desiring to grind)

• त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - swiftly, in a hurry (swift, hurried, quick)

• प्रदीप्तैः (pradīptaiḥ) - blazing, glowing, inflamed

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पर्वतैः (parvataiḥ) - like mountains (by mountains, with mountains)

Words meanings and morphology

चलत्पताकैः (calatpatākaiḥ) - (elephants) with waving banners (with waving banners, with moving flags)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of calatpatāka

calatpatāka - having waving banners

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (calat+patākā)

• calat – moving, waving
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  Formed from √cal (to move)
  Root: cal (class 1)
• patākā – banner, flag
  noun (feminine)
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with nāgaiḥ (implied from previous verse) or parvataiḥ.

प्रमुखैः (pramukhaiḥ) - leading the charge, at the front (leading, chief, prominent, foremost)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pramukha

pramukha - chief, leading, principal, with face forward

Prefix: pra

Root: mukh

Note: Agrees with nāgaiḥ (implied) or parvataiḥ.

हेमकक्ष्यातनुच्छदैः (hemakakṣyātanucchadaiḥ) - (elephants) adorned with golden belts and body coverings (with golden belts and body-coverings, having golden trappings)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hemakakṣyātanucchada

hemakakṣyātanucchada - having golden belts and body-coverings

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hema+kakṣyā+tanu+chada)

• hema – gold
  noun (neuter)
• kakṣyā – belt, girth, elephant's girth
  noun (feminine)
• tanu – body
  noun (feminine)
  Root: tan (class 8)
• chada – covering, cover
  noun (masculine)
  Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Agrees with nāgaiḥ (implied) or parvataiḥ.

मिमर्दिषन्तः (mimardiṣantaḥ) - eager to crush (wishing to crush, desiring to grind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛd

mṛd - to crush, grind, destroy

Present Active Participle (Desiderative)

Desiderative stem mimard-i-ṣa- (from √mṛd) + present participle suffix.

Root: mṛd (class 9)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (mahāmātrāḥ/aṅgāḥ from previous verse).

त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - swiftly, in a hurry (swift, hurried, quick)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvarita

tvarita - hurried, swift, quick

Past Passive Participle

Formed from √tvar (to hurry)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (mahāmātrāḥ/aṅgāḥ from previous verse).

प्रदीप्तैः (pradīptaiḥ) - blazing, glowing, inflamed

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pradīpta

pradīpta - blazing, glowing, lit up

Past Passive Participle

Formed from √dīp (to shine) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with parvataiḥ.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

पर्वतैः (parvataiḥ) - like mountains (by mountains, with mountains)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill