महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-3

मेकलाः कोशला मद्रा दशार्णा निषधास्तथा ।
गजयुद्धेषु कुशलाः कलिङ्गैः सह भारत ॥३॥

3. mekalāḥ kośalā madrā daśārṇā niṣadhāstathā ,
gajayuddheṣu kuśalāḥ kaliṅgaiḥ saha bhārata.

3. mekalāḥ kośalāḥ madrāḥ daśārṇāḥ niṣadhāḥ tathā
| gajayuddheṣu kuśalāḥ kaliṅgaiḥ saha bhārata

3. bhārata tathā mekalāḥ kośalāḥ madrāḥ daśārṇāḥ
niṣadhāḥ kaliṅgaiḥ saha gajayuddheṣu kuśalāḥ

3. O Bhārata, there were also the Mekalās, Kośalas, Madras, Daśārṇas, and Niṣadhas, who were skilled in elephant-battles, along with the Kaliṅgas.

Words meanings summery:

• मेकलाः (mekalāḥ) - the Mekalās (a people/region) (the Mekalās)

• कोशलाः (kośalāḥ) - the Kośalas (a people/region) (the Kośalas)

• मद्राः (madrāḥ) - the Madras (a people/region) (the Madras)

• दशार्णाः (daśārṇāḥ) - the Daśārṇas (a people/region) (the Daśārṇas)

• निषधाः (niṣadhāḥ) - the Niṣadhas (a people/region) (the Niṣadhas)

• तथा (tathā) - and, also, thus

• गजयुद्धेषु (gajayuddheṣu) - in elephant-battles

• कुशलाः (kuśalāḥ) - skilled, expert

• कलिङ्गैः (kaliṅgaiḥ) - by the Kaliṅgas, with the Kaliṅgas

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra as a descendant of Bharata) (O Bhārata)

Words meanings and morphology

मेकलाः (mekalāḥ) - the Mekalās (a people/region) (the Mekalās)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mekalā

mekalā - Mekalā (a country/people)

कोशलाः (kośalāḥ) - the Kośalas (a people/region) (the Kośalas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kośala

kośala - Kośala (a country/people)

मद्राः (madrāḥ) - the Madras (a people/region) (the Madras)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of madra

madra - Madra (a country/people)

दशार्णाः (daśārṇāḥ) - the Daśārṇas (a people/region) (the Daśārṇas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daśārṇa

daśārṇa - Daśārṇa (a country/people)

निषधाः (niṣadhāḥ) - the Niṣadhas (a people/region) (the Niṣadhas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niṣadha

niṣadha - Niṣadha (a country/people)

तथा (tathā) - and, also, thus

(indeclinable)

गजयुद्धेषु (gajayuddheṣu) - in elephant-battles

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of gajayuddha

gajayuddha - elephant battle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaja+yuddha)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• yuddha – battle, fight
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of √yudh, used as a noun
  Root: yudh (class 4)

कुशलाः (kuśalāḥ) - skilled, expert

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuśala

kuśala - skilled, expert, proficient

Note: Agrees with the preceding proper nouns.

कलिङ्गैः (kaliṅgaiḥ) - by the Kaliṅgas, with the Kaliṅgas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kaliṅga

kaliṅga - Kaliṅga (a country/people)

Note: Used with 'saha' meaning 'with'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the instrumental case (kaliṅgaiḥ).

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra as a descendant of Bharata) (O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, O descendant of Bharata