महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-38

तमापतन्तं विशिखं यमदण्डोपमत्विषम् ।
खड्गेन शितधारेण द्विधा चिच्छेद कौरवः ॥३८॥

38. tamāpatantaṁ viśikhaṁ yamadaṇḍopamatviṣam ,
khaḍgena śitadhāreṇa dvidhā ciccheda kauravaḥ.

38. tam āpatantam viśikham yamadaṇḍopamatviṣam
khaḍgena śitadhāreṇa dvidhā ciccheda kauravaḥ

38. kauravaḥ yamadaṇḍopamatviṣam tam āpatantam
viśikham śitadhāreṇa khaḍgena dvidhā ciccheda

38. The Kuru warrior (Duḥśāsana) cut that approaching arrow, which shone like the rod of Yama, into two with a sharp-edged sword.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that arrow (that, him, it)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling, coming towards

• विशिखम् (viśikham) - arrow

• यमदण्डोपमत्विषम् (yamadaṇḍopamatviṣam) - having luster/radiance like Yama's rod

• खड्गेन (khaḍgena) - with a sword

• शितधारेण (śitadhāreṇa) - with a sharp-edged

• द्विधा (dvidhā) - in two ways, in two parts

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut, split, divided

• कौरवः (kauravaḥ) - Duḥśāsana (a descendant of Kuru)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that arrow (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling, coming towards

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - approaching, falling, flying

present active participle

Present active participle of root pat (to fall, fly) with prefix ā (towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

विशिखम् (viśikham) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viśikha

viśikha - arrow, dart

यमदण्डोपमत्विषम् (yamadaṇḍopamatviṣam) - having luster/radiance like Yama's rod

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yamadaṇḍopamatviṣ

yamadaṇḍopamatviṣ - having luster like Yama's rod, radiant like the rod of Yama

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yama+daṇḍa+upama+tviṣ)

• yama – Yama (the god of death)
  proper noun (masculine)
• daṇḍa – rod, staff, punishment, scepter
  noun (masculine)
• upama – like, resembling, similar
  adjective (masculine)
• tviṣ – luster, radiance, brilliance, light
  noun (feminine)

खड्गेन (khaḍgena) - with a sword

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword, scimitar

शितधारेण (śitadhāreṇa) - with a sharp-edged

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śitadhāra

śitadhāra - sharp-edged

Karmadhāraya compound: śita (sharpened) + dhāra (edge)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śita+dhāra)

• śita – sharpened, whetted, keen
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root śo (to sharpen)
  Root: śo (class 4)
• dhāra – edge, stream, current
  noun (masculine)

द्विधा (dvidhā) - in two ways, in two parts

(indeclinable)

Derived from dvi (two) with suffix -dhā

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut, split, divided

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of chid

perfect

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: chid (class 7)

कौरवः (kauravaḥ) - Duḥśāsana (a descendant of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaurava

kaurava - a descendant of Kuru; a prince of the Kuru dynasty

Derivative from Kuru (proper noun)