महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-39

तमापतन्तं सहसा निस्त्रिंशं निशितैः शरैः ।
पातयामास समरे सहदेवो हसन्निव ॥३९॥

39. tamāpatantaṁ sahasā nistriṁśaṁ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
pātayāmāsa samare sahadevo hasanniva.

39. tam āpatantam sahasā nistriṃśam niśitaiḥ
śaraiḥ pātayāmāsa samare sahadevaḥ hasan iva

39. sahadevaḥ hasan iva samare sahasā āpatantam
tam nistriṃśam niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ pātayāmāsa

39. Sahadeva, as if laughing, forcefully struck down that approaching sword in battle with his sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that sword (that, him, it)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling, coming towards

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcefully, immediately

• निस्त्रिंशम् (nistriṁśam) - sword, scimitar

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall, struck down, hurled down

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva

• हसन् (hasan) - laughing

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as, as it were

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that sword (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling, coming towards

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - approaching, falling, flying

present active participle

Present active participle of root pat (to fall, fly) with prefix ā (towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, forcefully, immediately

(indeclinable)

निस्त्रिंशम् (nistriṁśam) - sword, scimitar

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nistriṃśa

nistriṁśa - sword, scimitar

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen, pointed

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni (down, thoroughly)

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed, dart

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall, struck down, hurled down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pātaya

periphrastic perfect (causative)

Periphrastic perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice of the causative root pātaya (from pat, to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (name of the youngest of the Pāṇḍavas)

हसन् (hasan) - laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hasat

hasat - laughing, smiling

present active participle

Present active participle of root has (to laugh)

Root: has (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)