महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-63

अथान्यद्धनुरादाय कर्णो वैकर्तनस्तदा ।
नकुलं पञ्चभिर्बाणैर्जत्रुदेशे समार्दयत् ॥६३॥

63. athānyaddhanurādāya karṇo vaikartanastadā ,
nakulaṁ pañcabhirbāṇairjatrudeśe samārdayat.

63. atha anyat dhanuḥ ādāya karṇaḥ vaikartanaḥ tadā
nakulam pañcabhiḥ bāṇaiḥ jatrudeśe samārdayat

63. atha tadā vaikartanaḥ karṇaḥ anyat dhanuḥ ādāya
pañcabhiḥ bāṇaiḥ jatrudeśe nakulam samārdayat

63. Then, Karṇa (Vaikartana), taking up another bow, at that moment wounded Nakula with five arrows in the region of his collarbone.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having received

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (proper noun)

• वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - epithet for Karna (son of Vīkartana (the Sun god))

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• नकुलम् (nakulam) - Nakula (proper noun)

• पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - by five

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• जत्रुदेशे (jatrudeśe) - in the region of the collarbone, on the shoulder

• समार्दयत् (samārdayat) - he tormented, he afflicted, he wounded

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other

(adjective)

neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Qualifies dhanuḥ.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc, rainbow

Note: Object of ādāya.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having received

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √dā (class 3) 'to give' with prefix ā- and suffix -ya (after prefix)

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Indicates a prior action.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name of a warrior), ear

Note: Subject of samārdayat.

वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - epithet for Karna (son of Vīkartana (the Sun god))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaikartana

vaikartana - son of Vikartana (the Sun god); epithet of Karna

Derived from Vikartana (another name for the Sun god), hence 'son of Vikartana'

Note: Appositive to karṇaḥ.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that)

Note: Adverb of time.

नकुलम् (nakulam) - Nakula (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - Nakula (proper name of a Pandava brother), mongoose

Note: Object of samārdayat.

पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - by five

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies bāṇaiḥ.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Instrument of samārdayat.

जत्रुदेशे (jatrudeśe) - in the region of the collarbone, on the shoulder

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jatrudeśa

jatrudeśa - region of the collarbone/shoulder

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jatru+deśa)

• jatru – collarbone, shoulder-joint
  noun (neuter)
• deśa – region, place, country
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates location.

समार्दयत् (samārdayat) - he tormented, he afflicted, he wounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ṛd

Imperfect Active

From root √ṛd (class 10, causal) 'to torment' with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛd (class 10)