महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-17, verse-110

रथान्हेमपरिष्कारान्सुयुक्ताञ्जवनैर्हयैः ।
भ्रममाणानपश्याम हतेषु रथिषु द्रुतम् ॥११०॥

110. rathānhemapariṣkārānsuyuktāñjavanairhayaiḥ ,
bhramamāṇānapaśyāma hateṣu rathiṣu drutam.

110. rathān hemapariṣkārān suyuktān javanaiḥ hayaiḥ
bhramamāṇān apaśyāma hateṣu rathiṣu drutam

110. hateṣu rathiṣu drutam hemapariṣkārān javanaiḥ
hayaiḥ suyuktān bhramamāṇān rathān apaśyāma

110. We saw chariots, adorned with gold and well-yoked with swift horses, swiftly moving about when their charioteers had been slain.

Words meanings summery:

• रथान् (rathān) - chariots

• हेमपरिष्कारान् (hemapariṣkārān) - adorned with gold, having golden ornaments

• सुयुक्तान् (suyuktān) - well-yoked, well-equipped, well-joined

• जवनैः (javanaiḥ) - with swift horses (with swift ones, by swift ones)

• हयैः (hayaiḥ) - with horses, by horses

• भ्रममाणान् (bhramamāṇān) - wandering, revolving, moving about

• अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw, we beheld

• हतेषु (hateṣu) - among the slain, in the slain

• रथिषु (rathiṣu) - among the charioteers, in the charioteers

• द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

Words meanings and morphology

रथान् (rathān) - chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

Root: rath (class 1)

Note: Object of 'apaśyāma'.

हेमपरिष्कारान् (hemapariṣkārān) - adorned with gold, having golden ornaments

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hemapariṣkāra

hemapariṣkāra - golden ornament, adorned with gold

Compound type : karmadhāraya (heman+pariṣkāra)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• pariṣkāra – adornment, decoration, preparation, equipment
  noun (masculine)
  from pari- + kṛ (to do, to prepare)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'rathān'.

सुयुक्तान् (suyuktān) - well-yoked, well-equipped, well-joined

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of suyukta

suyukta - well-yoked, well-appointed, well-prepared

Past Passive Participle

from su- + yuj (to yoke, join)

Prefix: su

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'rathān'.

जवनैः (javanaiḥ) - with swift horses (with swift ones, by swift ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of javana

javana - swift, rapid, quick; a swift horse

from ju (to hasten)

Root: ju

Note: Qualifies 'hayaiḥ'.

हयैः (hayaiḥ) - with horses, by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

from hī (to go)

Root: hī (class 3)

भ्रममाणान् (bhramamāṇān) - wandering, revolving, moving about

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhramamāṇa

bhramamāṇa - wandering, roaming, revolving, moving about

Present Middle Participle

from root bhram (to wander, roam)

Root: bhram (class 1)

अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw, we beheld

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paś

Imperfect active 1st plural

from root dṛś, present stem paśya, with augment 'a' for imperfect

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हतेषु (hateṣu) - among the slain, in the slain

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck

Past Passive Participle

from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

रथिषु (rathiṣu) - among the charioteers, in the charioteers

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

from ratha + -in (possessive suffix)

Note: Locative absolute with 'hateṣu'.

द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

from root dru (to run), used adverbially

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Adverb modifying 'bhramamāṇān'.