महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-220, verse-87

यदा हि शोचतां शोको व्यसनं नापकर्षति ।
सामर्थ्यं शोचतो नास्ति नाद्य शोचाम्यहं ततः ॥८७॥

87. yadā hi śocatāṁ śoko vyasanaṁ nāpakarṣati ,
sāmarthyaṁ śocato nāsti nādya śocāmyahaṁ tataḥ.

87. yadā hi śocatām śokaḥ vyasanam na apakarṣati
sāmarthyam śocataḥ na asti na adya śocāmi aham tataḥ

87. yadā hi śocatām śokaḥ vyasanam na apakarṣati
śocataḥ sāmarthyam na asti tataḥ aham adya na śocāmi

87. Indeed, when lamentation (śoka) does not remove the distress of those who grieve, and there is no strength in the one who laments, then I shall not grieve today.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• शोचताम् (śocatām) - of those who lament (of those grieving, of those lamenting)

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - lamentation (śoka) (sorrow, grief, lamentation)

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - distress (misfortune, calamity, distress, addiction)

• न (na) - not, no

• अपकर्षति (apakarṣati) - removes, alleviates (removes, draws away, lessens, diminishes)

• सामर्थ्यम् (sāmarthyam) - strength (strength, power, ability, capacity)

• शोचतः (śocataḥ) - in one who laments (of one grieving, of one lamenting)

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, there is (is, exists)

• न (na) - not, no

• अद्य (adya) - today, now (today, now, at present)

• शोचामि (śocāmi) - I grieve (I grieve, I mourn, I lament)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore (thence, therefore, then)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlates with 'tataḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

शोचताम् (śocatām) - of those who lament (of those grieving, of those lamenting)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of śuc

śuc - to grieve, to lament

Present Active Participle

Derived from root śuc (class 1) with -at suffix.

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun (of grievers) in genitive plural. Gender is null as it's a participle referring to an unspecified group.

शोकः (śokaḥ) - lamentation (śoka) (sorrow, grief, lamentation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation (śoka)

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - distress (misfortune, calamity, distress, addiction)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, distress, addiction

Prefixes: vi+as

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of 'apakarṣati'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अपकर्षति (apakarṣati) - removes, alleviates (removes, draws away, lessens, diminishes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛṣ

Present Active

Derived from root kṛṣ (class 1) with upasarga apa, third person singular.

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

सामर्थ्यम् (sāmarthyam) - strength (strength, power, ability, capacity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sāmarthya

sāmarthya - strength, power, ability, capacity

Derived from samartha (capable, able) + ya.

शोचतः (śocataḥ) - in one who laments (of one grieving, of one lamenting)

(adjective)

Genitive, singular of śuc

śuc - to grieve, to lament

Present Active Participle

Derived from root śuc (class 1) with -at suffix.

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun (of a griever) in genitive singular. Gender is null as it's a participle referring to an unspecified person.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, there is (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

Derived from root as (class 2), third person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अद्य (adya) - today, now (today, now, at present)

(indeclinable)

शोचामि (śocāmi) - I grieve (I grieve, I mourn, I lament)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

Present Active

Derived from root śuc (class 1), first person singular.

Root: śuc (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Note: Gender is null for first-person pronouns.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore (thence, therefore, then)

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlates with 'yadā'.