महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-220, verse-104

भवांस्तु भावतत्त्वज्ञो विद्वाञ्ज्ञानतपोन्वितः ।
कालं पश्यति सुव्यक्तं पाणावामलकं यथा ॥१०४॥

104. bhavāṁstu bhāvatattvajño vidvāñjñānataponvitaḥ ,
kālaṁ paśyati suvyaktaṁ pāṇāvāmalakaṁ yathā.

104. bhavān tu bhāvatattvajñaḥ vidvān jñānataponvitaḥ
kālam paśyati suvyaktam pāṇau āmalakam yathā

104. tu bhavān bhāvatattvajñaḥ vidvān jñānataponvitaḥ
yathā pāṇau āmalakam suvyaktam kālam paśyati

104. But you, being a scholar who comprehends the true nature of existence, learned, and endowed with both knowledge and asceticism (tapas), perceive Time (kāla) with utmost clarity, as if it were an āmalaka fruit held in your hand.

Words meanings summery:

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful), honored sir

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• भावतत्त्वज्ञः (bhāvatattvajñaḥ) - knower of the true nature of existence (knower of the true nature of beings/things)

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - learned, wise, knowing

• ज्ञानतपोन्वितः (jñānataponvitaḥ) - endowed with knowledge and asceticism

• कालम् (kālam) - time, destiny

• पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, perceives, observes

• सुव्यक्तम् (suvyaktam) - very clearly, distinctly

• पाणौ (pāṇau) - in the hand, in the palm

• आमलकम् (āmalakam) - an āmalaka fruit

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in the manner that

Words meanings and morphology

भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful), honored sir

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful), being, existing

present active participle (used as polite pronoun)

Root 'bhū' (1st class) + 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction or particle.

भावतत्त्वज्ञः (bhāvatattvajñaḥ) - knower of the true nature of existence (knower of the true nature of beings/things)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāvatattvajña

bhāvatattvajña - knower of the true nature of existence, knower of essential truths

Compound of 'bhāva' (existence/nature), 'tattva' (truth/reality) and 'jña' (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāva+tattva+jña)

• bhāva – being, existence, state, nature
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhū' (to be).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• tattva – truth, reality, principle, essence
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'jñā' (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'bhavān'.

विद्वान् (vidvān) - learned, wise, knowing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvat

vidvat - learned, wise, knowing

present active participle

Root 'vid' (2nd class) + 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'bhavān'.

ज्ञानतपोन्वितः (jñānataponvitaḥ) - endowed with knowledge and asceticism

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñānataponvita

jñānataponvita - endowed with knowledge and asceticism (tapas)

Compound of 'jñāna' (knowledge), 'tapas' (asceticism) and 'anvita' (joined/endowed).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jñāna+tapas+anvita)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'jñā' (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• tapas – asceticism, penance, spiritual heat
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'tap' (to heat, to perform austerity).
  Root: tap (class 1)
• anvita – joined, accompanied by, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Prefix 'anu' + root 'i' (to go) + 'kta' suffix.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'bhavān'.

कालम् (kālam) - time, destiny

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, destiny, death

Note: Object of 'paśyati'.

पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, perceives, observes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dṛś

present indicative, active voice

Root 'dṛś' (1st class), forms its present stem as 'paśya', present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

सुव्यक्तम् (suvyaktam) - very clearly, distinctly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of suvyakta

suvyakta - very clear, very distinct, manifest

Pra-ādi-tatpuruṣa compound: prefix 'su' (well, very) + 'vyakta' (clear).

Compound type : pra-ādi-tatpuruṣa (su+vyakta)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• vyakta – clear, manifest, distinct, developed
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  Prefix 'vi' + root 'añj' (to anoint, make clear) + 'kta' suffix.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Adverbial use, qualifying 'paśyati'.

पाणौ (pāṇau) - in the hand, in the palm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pāṇi

pāṇi - hand

Note: Indicates location.

आमलकम् (āmalakam) - an āmalaka fruit

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āmalaka

āmalaka - Āmalaka fruit (Emblica officinalis)

Note: Object of implied "sees" in the comparison.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in the manner that

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for comparison, introduces a simile.