महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-220, verse-3

भीष्म उवाच ।
पुत्रदारैः सुखैश्चैव वियुक्तस्य धनेन च ।
मग्नस्य व्यसने कृच्छ्रे धृतिः श्रेयस्करी नृप ॥३॥

3. bhīṣma uvāca ,
putradāraiḥ sukhaiścaiva viyuktasya dhanena ca ,
magnasya vyasane kṛcchre dhṛtiḥ śreyaskarī nṛpa.

3. bhīṣma uvāca putradāraiḥ sukhaiḥ ca eva viyuktasya
dhanena ca magnasya vyasane kṛcchre dhṛtiḥ śreyaskarī nṛpa

3. nṛpa putradāraiḥ sukhaiḥ ca eva dhanena ca viyuktasya
kṛcchre vyasane magnasya dhṛtiḥ śreyaskarī bhīṣma uvāca

3. Bhishma said: "O King, for a person deprived of children and wife, of pleasures and wealth, and plunged into dire misfortune, fortitude (dhṛti) is the most beneficial quality."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Grandfather of the Pandavas and Kauravas (Bhishma)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पुत्रदारैः (putradāraiḥ) - by sons and wife

• सुखैः (sukhaiḥ) - by pleasures, by comforts

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• वियुक्तस्य (viyuktasya) - of one separated, of one deprived

• धनेन (dhanena) - by wealth

• च (ca) - and

• मग्नस्य (magnasya) - of one immersed, of one plunged

• व्यसने (vyasane) - in calamity, in misfortune, in distress

• कृच्छ्रे (kṛcchre) - difficult, severe, dire

• धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - fortitude, firmness, resolve, perseverance (dhṛti)

• श्रेयस्करी (śreyaskarī) - beneficial, promoting welfare

• नृप (nṛpa) - Address to Yudhishthira (O King, monarch)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Grandfather of the Pandavas and Kauravas (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name), terrible, formidable

From root bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

पुत्रदारैः (putradāraiḥ) - by sons and wife

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putradāra

putradāra - sons and wife (dual/plural compound)

Compound type : dvandva (putra+dāra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• dāra – wife (always plural in Sanskrit for 'wife')
  noun (masculine)

Note: This is a collective dvandva compound.

सुखैः (sukhaiḥ) - by pleasures, by comforts

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, comfort, ease

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

वियुक्तस्य (viyuktasya) - of one separated, of one deprived

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viyukta

viyukta - separated, disjoined, deprived of

Past Passive Participle

From vi + root yuj (to join) + kta suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies magnasya/puruṣasya implied.

धनेन (dhanena) - by wealth

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, money, property

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

मग्नस्य (magnasya) - of one immersed, of one plunged

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of magna

magna - immersed, plunged, sunk

Past Passive Participle

From root majj (to sink) + kta suffix

Root: majj (class 6)

Note: Qualifies puruṣasya implied.

व्यसने (vyasane) - in calamity, in misfortune, in distress

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - calamity, misfortune, distress, addiction

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

कृच्छ्रे (kṛcchre) - difficult, severe, dire

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficult, hard, severe, painful

Note: Qualifies vyasane.

धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - fortitude, firmness, resolve, perseverance (dhṛti)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - fortitude, firmness, resolve, perseverance, steady devotion (dhṛti)

From root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Mentioned in the list of words for special translation treatment.

श्रेयस्करी (śreyaskarī) - beneficial, promoting welfare

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śreyaskara

śreyaskara - causing good fortune, beneficial, wholesome

Compound type : tatpurusha (śreyas+kara)

• śreyas – good, better, best, welfare
  noun (neuter)
• kara – making, causing, effecting
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ (to do, make) + a suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies dhṛtiḥ.

नृप (nṛpa) - Address to Yudhishthira (O King, monarch)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, monarch, protector of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, men
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)