महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-220, verse-112
ब्राह्मणैः कारयिष्यन्ति वृषलाः पादधावनम् ।
शूद्राश्च ब्राह्मणीं भार्यामुपयास्यन्ति निर्भयाः ॥११२॥
शूद्राश्च ब्राह्मणीं भार्यामुपयास्यन्ति निर्भयाः ॥११२॥
112. brāhmaṇaiḥ kārayiṣyanti vṛṣalāḥ pādadhāvanam ,
śūdrāśca brāhmaṇīṁ bhāryāmupayāsyanti nirbhayāḥ.
śūdrāśca brāhmaṇīṁ bhāryāmupayāsyanti nirbhayāḥ.
112.
brāhmaṇaiḥ kārayiṣyanti vṛṣalāḥ pādadhāvanam |
śūdrāḥ ca brāhmaṇīm bhāryām upayāsyanti nirbhayāḥ
śūdrāḥ ca brāhmaṇīm bhāryām upayāsyanti nirbhayāḥ
112.
vṛṣalāḥ brāhmaṇaiḥ pādadhāvanam kārayiṣyanti ca
nirbhayāḥ śūdrāḥ brāhmaṇīm bhāryām upayāsyanti
nirbhayāḥ śūdrāḥ brāhmaṇīm bhāryām upayāsyanti
112.
Śūdras will compel Brahmins to wash their feet. And Śūdras, fearless, will marry Brahmin women.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brahmins, by the priestly class
- कारयिष्यन्ति (kārayiṣyanti) - they will cause to do, they will make perform
- वृषलाः (vṛṣalāḥ) - Śūdras, low-caste people
- पादधावनम् (pādadhāvanam) - foot-washing
- शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Śūdras
- च (ca) - and, also
- ब्राह्मणीम् (brāhmaṇīm) - a Brahmin woman
- भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife, woman to be supported
- उपयास्यन्ति (upayāsyanti) - they will approach, they will go to, they will marry
- निर्भयाः (nirbhayāḥ) - fearless, without fear
Words meanings and morphology
ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brahmins, by the priestly class
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class
Derived from brahman (sacred knowledge, ultimate reality).
कारयिष्यन्ति (kārayiṣyanti) - they will cause to do, they will make perform
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of kāray
Future Indicative, Causative
Causative of root √kṛ (to do, make) in future tense, active voice.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
वृषलाः (vṛṣalāḥ) - Śūdras, low-caste people
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛṣala
vṛṣala - a Śūdra, a man of the fourth caste; an outcaste
पादधावनम् (pādadhāvanam) - foot-washing
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pādadhāvana
pādadhāvana - washing of feet, foot-bath
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pāda+dhāvana)
- pāda – foot, leg; a quarter
noun (masculine) - dhāvana – washing, rinsing
noun (neuter)
Verbal noun
From root √dhāv (to run, to wash).
Root: dhāv (class 1)
शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Śūdras
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śūdra
śūdra - a Śūdra, a member of the fourth caste
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
ब्राह्मणीम् (brāhmaṇīm) - a Brahmin woman
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of brāhmaṇī
brāhmaṇī - a Brahmin woman, wife of a Brahmin
Feminine form of brāhmaṇa.
भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife, woman to be supported
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāryā
bhāryā - wife, woman to be supported
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
From root √bhṛ (to bear, support), feminine form.
Root: bhṛ (class 1)
उपयास्यन्ति (upayāsyanti) - they will approach, they will go to, they will marry
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of upayā
Future Indicative
From upa-√yā (to go) in future tense, active voice.
Prefix: upa
Root: yā (class 2)
निर्भयाः (nirbhayāḥ) - fearless, without fear
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nirbhaya
nirbhaya - fearless, intrepid, devoid of fear
Compound type : avyayībhāva (or bahuvrīhi) (nis+bhaya)
- nis – out, forth, without
indeclinable - bhaya – fear, dread, apprehension
noun (neuter)
From root √bhī (to fear).
Root: bhī (class 3)
Note: Agreeing with `śūdrāḥ`.