महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-220, verse-102

कालेनाक्रम्य लोकेऽस्मिन्पच्यमाने बलीयसा ।
अज्येष्ठमकनिष्ठं च क्षिप्यमाणो न बुध्यसे ॥१०२॥

102. kālenākramya loke'sminpacyamāne balīyasā ,
ajyeṣṭhamakaniṣṭhaṁ ca kṣipyamāṇo na budhyase.

102. kālena ākramya loke asmin pacyamāne balīyasā
ajyeṣṭham akaniṣṭham ca kṣipyamāṇaḥ na budhyase

102. balīyasā kālena ākramya asmin loke pacyamāne (sati)
ajyeṣṭham akaniṣṭham ca kṣipyamāṇaḥ na budhyase

102. Overcome by powerful Time (kāla) and being consumed in this world, you, who are neither the eldest nor the youngest, do not realize that you are being thrown about.

Words meanings summery:

• कालेन (kālena) - by time, by fate

• आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having attacked, having overcome, having seized

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• पच्यमाने (pacyamāne) - being cooked, being digested, being consumed

• बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by the stronger, by the more powerful

• अज्येष्ठम् (ajyeṣṭham) - not the eldest, without an elder

• अकनिष्ठम् (akaniṣṭham) - not the youngest, without a youngest

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्षिप्यमाणः (kṣipyamāṇaḥ) - being thrown, being cast, being tossed about

• न (na) - not, no

• बुध्यसे (budhyase) - you understand, you perceive

Words meanings and morphology

कालेन (kālena) - by time, by fate

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, destiny, death

आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having attacked, having overcome, having seized

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Prefix 'ā' + root 'kram' (1st class) + 'lyap' suffix (for absolutives with prefix).

Prefix: ā

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund), indicating an action completed before the main verb.

लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'loke'.

पच्यमाने (pacyamāne) - being cooked, being digested, being consumed

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of pacyamāna

pacyamāna - being cooked, being digested, being consumed, being tormented

present passive participle

Root 'pac' (1st class) in passive voice + 'śānac' suffix.

Root: pac (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'loke' and implies "while it (the world) is being consumed".

बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by the stronger, by the more powerful

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balīyas

balīyas - stronger, more powerful

Comparative form of 'bala' (strength).

Note: Qualifies 'kālena'.

अज्येष्ठम् (ajyeṣṭham) - not the eldest, without an elder

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ajyeṣṭha

ajyeṣṭha - not the eldest, without an elder

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: 'a' (not) + 'jyeṣṭha' (eldest).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jyeṣṭha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• jyeṣṭha – eldest, best, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'vṛddha' (old).

Note: Used adverbially or as a predicate adjective for the implied 'you'.

अकनिष्ठम् (akaniṣṭham) - not the youngest, without a youngest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of akaniṣṭha

akaniṣṭha - not the youngest, without a youngest

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: 'a' (not) + 'kaniṣṭha' (youngest).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kaniṣṭha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• kaniṣṭha – youngest, smallest, lowest
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'yuvan' (young).

Note: Used adverbially or as a predicate adjective for the implied 'you'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

क्षिप्यमाणः (kṣipyamāṇaḥ) - being thrown, being cast, being tossed about

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣipyamāṇa

kṣipyamāṇa - being thrown, being cast, being moved rapidly

present passive participle

Root 'kṣip' (6th class) in passive voice + 'śānac' suffix.

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (you).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

बुध्यसे (budhyase) - you understand, you perceive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of budh

present indicative, middle voice

Root 'budh' (4th class), present tense, middle voice, 2nd person singular.

Root: budh (class 4)