महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-5, verse-47

कच्चिद्व्यसनिनं शत्रुं निशम्य भरतर्षभ ।
अभियासि जवेनैव समीक्ष्य त्रिविधं बलम् ॥४७॥

47. kaccidvyasaninaṁ śatruṁ niśamya bharatarṣabha ,
abhiyāsi javenaiva samīkṣya trividhaṁ balam.

47. kaccit vyasaninam śatrum niśamya bharatarṣabha
abhiyāsi javena eva samīkṣya trividham balam

47. O best of the Bharatas, I hope that upon learning of an enemy in distress, you attack swiftly, having thoroughly assessed your threefold army.

47. הו מיטב בני בְּהַרַטַה, האם כששומע אתה על אויב הנתון במצוקה, אתה יוצא נגדו במהירות לאחר שבחנת את שלושת סוגי הכוח,

Words meanings summery:

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, indeed (surely? indeed? is it possible that?)

• व्यसनिनम् (vyasaninam) - in distress, afflicted (distressed, afflicted, in trouble)

• शत्रुम् (śatrum) - enemy

• निशम्य (niśamya) - upon learning of, having observed (having observed, having heard, having known)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas (a common epithet for kings like Yudhiṣṭhira, Arjuna) (O best of Bharatas)

• अभियासि (abhiyāsi) - you attack (you go towards, you approach, you attack)

• जवेन (javena) - swiftly (by speed, with swiftness)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having thoroughly assessed (having examined, having considered, having seen)

• त्रिविधम् (trividham) - threefold (referring to army strength, e.g., infantry, cavalry, elephants) (threefold, of three kinds)

• बलम् (balam) - army, military strength (strength, force, army)

Words meanings and morphology

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, indeed (surely? indeed? is it possible that?)

(indeclinable)

व्यसनिनम् (vyasaninam) - in distress, afflicted (distressed, afflicted, in trouble)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyasanin

vyasanin - distressed, afflicted, addicted, unfortunate, in trouble

Derived from vyasana (calamity, misfortune) with suffix -in

Note: Agrees with śatrum

शत्रुम् (śatrum) - enemy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, adversary

Note: Object of niśamya and abhiyāsi implicitly

निशम्य (niśamya) - upon learning of, having observed (having observed, having heard, having known)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √śam (to be calm, perceive) with upasarga ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 4)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas (a common epithet for kings like Yudhiṣṭhira, Arjuna) (O best of Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull of the Bharatas, best of the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – Bharata (name of a king/lineage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound word, vocative case.

अभियासि (abhiyāsi) - you attack (you go towards, you approach, you attack)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of abhiyā

Present Active

Derived from root √yā (to go) with upasarga abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: yā (class 2)

जवेन (javena) - swiftly (by speed, with swiftness)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness, velocity

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having thoroughly assessed (having examined, having considered, having seen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √īkṣ (to see, perceive) with upasarga sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

त्रिविधम् (trividham) - threefold (referring to army strength, e.g., infantry, cavalry, elephants) (threefold, of three kinds)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of trividha

trividha - of three kinds, threefold

Compound of tri (three) and vidha (kind, sort)

Compound type : dvigu (tri+vidha)

• tri – three
  numeral
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

बलम् (balam) - army, military strength (strength, force, army)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, military

Previous Verse Next Verse