महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-5, verse-18

कच्चिन्निद्रावशं नैषि कच्चित्काले विबुध्यसे ।
कच्चिच्चापररात्रेषु चिन्तयस्यर्थमर्थवित् ॥१८॥

18. kaccinnidrāvaśaṁ naiṣi kaccitkāle vibudhyase ,
kacciccāpararātreṣu cintayasyarthamarthavit.

18. kaccit nidrāvaśam na eṣi kaccit kāle vibudhyase
kaccit ca apararātreṣu cintayasi artham arthavit

18. I hope you do not succumb to sleep, and that you awaken at the proper time. And I hope that, being well-versed in matters of state, you reflect upon important affairs in the latter part of the night.

Words meanings summery:

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, perhaps, surely

• निद्रावशम् (nidrāvaśam) - under the control of sleep, subjection to sleep

• न (na) - not, no

• एषि (eṣi) - you fall (into sleep's sway) (you go, you approach)

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, perhaps, surely

• काले (kāle) - at the proper time (at time, in time)

• विबुध्यसे (vibudhyase) - you awaken (from sleep) (you awaken, you become awake, you understand)

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, perhaps, surely

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपररात्रेषु (apararātreṣu) - in the later parts of the night, in the last watch of the night

• चिन्तयसि (cintayasi) - you reflect upon (you think, you consider, you ponder)

• अर्थम् (artham) - important affairs / matters of state (purpose, meaning, wealth, affair, matter)

• अर्थवित् (arthavit) - expert in matters of state (knower of affairs, expert in purpose/meaning)

Words meanings and morphology

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, perhaps, surely

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle implying hope or doubt.

निद्रावशम् (nidrāvaśam) - under the control of sleep, subjection to sleep

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nidrāvaśa

nidrāvaśa - under the power of sleep, subject to sleep

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nidrā+vaśa)

• nidrā – sleep, slumber
  noun (feminine)
• vaśa – control, power, sway, will
  noun (masculine)

Note: Often used idiomatically with verbs like 'eṣi' (to go) to mean 'to fall under'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एषि (eṣi) - you fall (into sleep's sway) (you go, you approach)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

Present Active

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used with 'nidrāvaśam' to mean 'to succumb to sleep'.

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, perhaps, surely

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle implying hope or doubt.

काले (kāle) - at the proper time (at time, in time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, proper time, destiny

विबुध्यसे (vibudhyase) - you awaken (from sleep) (you awaken, you become awake, you understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vibudh

Present Middle

Prefix: vi

Root: budh (class 4)

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, perhaps, surely

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle implying hope or doubt.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपररात्रेषु (apararātreṣu) - in the later parts of the night, in the last watch of the night

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of apararātra

apararātra - latter part of the night, last watch of the night

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (apara+rātra)

• apara – other, later, subsequent, western
  adjective (masculine)
• rātra – night, nocturnal
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rā (class 2)

चिन्तयसि (cintayasi) - you reflect upon (you think, you consider, you ponder)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of cint

Present Active

Root: cit (class 10)

अर्थम् (artham) - important affairs / matters of state (purpose, meaning, wealth, affair, matter)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, matter, affair, object, advantage

Note: Object of 'cintayasi'.

अर्थवित् (arthavit) - expert in matters of state (knower of affairs, expert in purpose/meaning)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arthavid

arthavid - knower of meaning, expert in affairs, understanding purpose

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+vid)

• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, matter, affair
  noun (masculine)
• vid – knower, expert, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with the implied 'you' (tvam).