महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-5, verse-4

तमागतमृषिं दृष्ट्वा नारदं सर्वधर्मवित् ।
सहसा पाण्डवश्रेष्ठः प्रत्युत्थायानुजैः सह ।
अभ्यवादयत प्रीत्या विनयावनतस्तदा ॥४॥

4. tamāgatamṛṣiṁ dṛṣṭvā nāradaṁ sarvadharmavit ,
sahasā pāṇḍavaśreṣṭhaḥ pratyutthāyānujaiḥ saha ,
abhyavādayata prītyā vinayāvanatastadā.

4. tam āgatam ṛṣim dṛṣṭvā nāradam
sarvadharma-vit sahasā pāṇḍava-śreṣṭhaḥ
pratyutthāya anujaiḥ saha
abhyavādayata prītyā vinayāvanataḥ tadā

4. Seeing the arrived sage Nārada, the best of the Pāṇḍavas, who was conversant with all principles of natural law (dharma), immediately rose with his younger brothers. Then, humble and bowing with devotion, he greeted him.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (the sage Nārada) (him, that)

• आगतम् (āgatam) - who had arrived (referring to Nārada) (arrived, come)

• ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - the sage Nārada (sage, seer)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - after seeing (having seen)

• नारदम् (nāradam) - the specific sage Nārada (Nārada)

• सर्वधर्म-वित् (sarvadharma-vit) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who understands all principles of righteousness (knowing all laws, conversant with all principles of natural law (dharma))

• सहसा (sahasā) - immediately (suddenly, quickly, immediately)

• पाण्डव-श्रेष्ठः (pāṇḍava-śreṣṭhaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (best of the Pāṇḍavas)

• प्रत्युत्थाय (pratyutthāya) - having risen to greet (having risen to meet, having stood up)

• अनुजैः (anujaiḥ) - with his younger brothers (by younger brothers)

• सह (saha) - along with (with, together with)

• अभ्यवादयत (abhyavādayata) - respectfully greeted (greeted, saluted)

• प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with devotion (with affection, with love, with pleasure)

• विनयावनतः (vinayāvanataḥ) - humble and bowing (bowed down with humility, humble)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that moment (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (the sage Nārada) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Nārada.

आगतम् (āgatam) - who had arrived (referring to Nārada) (arrived, come)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Participle modifying ṛṣim.

ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - the sage Nārada (sage, seer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - seer, sage, inspired poet

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - after seeing (having seen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

नारदम् (nāradam) - the specific sage Nārada (Nārada)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (a divine sage, son of Brahmā)

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā, coreferential with tam and ṛṣim.

सर्वधर्म-वित् (sarvadharma-vit) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who understands all principles of righteousness (knowing all laws, conversant with all principles of natural law (dharma))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvadharma-vit

sarvadharma-vit - one who knows all laws/principles (dharma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+dharma+vit)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, constitution, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• vit – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies pāṇḍava-śreṣṭhaḥ.

सहसा (sahasā) - immediately (suddenly, quickly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

पाण्डव-श्रेष्ठः (pāṇḍava-śreṣṭhaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (best of the Pāṇḍavas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava-śreṣṭha

pāṇḍava-śreṣṭha - best among the Pāṇḍavas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍava+śreṣṭha)

• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree from praśasta (excellent)

Note: Subject of the sentence. Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

प्रत्युत्थाय (pratyutthāya) - having risen to greet (having risen to meet, having stood up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root sthā with upasargas prati-ud-

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

अनुजैः (anujaiḥ) - with his younger brothers (by younger brothers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anuja

anuja - younger brother

Born after (anu-jan)

Prefix: anu

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used with saha (with).

सह (saha) - along with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

अभ्यवादयत (abhyavādayata) - respectfully greeted (greeted, saluted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyavādayata

Imperfect

Root vad (to speak) with upasargas abhi-ava-, causative

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Ātmanepada form.

प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with devotion (with affection, with love, with pleasure)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - love, affection, pleasure, joy

Note: Adverbial usage.

विनयावनतः (vinayāvanataḥ) - humble and bowing (bowed down with humility, humble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinayāvanata

vinayāvanata - bowed down by humility, humble, submissive

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vinaya+avanata)

• vinaya – humility, modesty, discipline
  noun (masculine)
• avanata – bowed down, bent, humble
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root nam with upasarga ava-
  Prefix: ava
  Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies pāṇḍava-śreṣṭhaḥ.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that moment (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.