महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-5, verse-48

पार्ष्णिमूलं च विज्ञाय व्यवसायं पराजयम् ।
बलस्य च महाराज दत्त्वा वेतनमग्रतः ॥४८॥

48. pārṣṇimūlaṁ ca vijñāya vyavasāyaṁ parājayam ,
balasya ca mahārāja dattvā vetanamagrataḥ.

48. pārṣṇimūlam ca vijñāya vyavasāyam parājayam
balasya ca mahārāja dattvā vetanam agrataḥ

48. And, O great king, having ascertained the enemy's rear base (pārṣṇimūla), their objective (vyavasāya), and their vulnerability to defeat (parājaya); and having paid the army's wages in advance...

48. ולאחר שהכרת את בסיס העורף של האויב, את נחישותו ואת סיכויי תבוסתו, הו מלך גדול, ולאחר שנתת לצבא את שכרו מראש, (האם אתה יוצא לדרך)?

Words meanings summery:

• पार्ष्णिमूलम् (pārṣṇimūlam) - the enemy's rear-base or vulnerable point (rear-base, heel-root, weak point)

• च (ca) - and

• विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having ascertained (having known, having understood, having ascertained)

• व्यवसायम् (vyavasāyam) - objective, strategy (enterprise, undertaking, resolution, strategy)

• पराजयम् (parājayam) - vulnerability to defeat (defeat, conquest)

• बलस्य (balasya) - of the army (of strength, of force, of the army)

• च (ca) - and

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having paid (having given)

• वेतनम् (vetanam) - wages, pay (wages, pay, salary)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in advance (in front, beforehand, in advance)

Words meanings and morphology

पार्ष्णिमूलम् (pārṣṇimūlam) - the enemy's rear-base or vulnerable point (rear-base, heel-root, weak point)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pārṣṇimūla

pārṣṇimūla - root of the heel, rear, rear-guard, vulnerable point

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārṣṇi+mūla)

• pārṣṇi – heel, rear, back
  noun (feminine)
• mūla – root, base, foundation, origin
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having ascertained (having known, having understood, having ascertained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √jñā (to know) with upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

व्यवसायम् (vyavasāyam) - objective, strategy (enterprise, undertaking, resolution, strategy)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyavasāya

vyavasāya - enterprise, effort, undertaking, determination, resolution, business, strategy

Derived from √so (to cut, to bind) with vi- and ava-

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: so (class 4)

Note: Object of vijñāya

पराजयम् (parājayam) - vulnerability to defeat (defeat, conquest)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parājaya

parājaya - defeat, conquest, vanquishing

Derived from √ji (to conquer) with upasarga parā-

Prefix: parā

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of vijñāya

बलस्य (balasya) - of the army (of strength, of force, of the army)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, military

Note: Possessive case

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound word, vocative case.

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having paid (having given)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √dā (to give) with suffix -tvā

Root: dā (class 3)

वेतनम् (vetanam) - wages, pay (wages, pay, salary)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vetana

vetana - wages, pay, salary, hire

Note: Object of dattvā

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in advance (in front, beforehand, in advance)

(indeclinable)

Derived from agra (front) with suffix -tas (ablative/locative sense)

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