महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-5, verse-102

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एतदाख्याय स मुनिर्नारदः सुमहातपाः ।
पप्रच्छानन्तरमिदं धर्मात्मानं युधिष्ठिरम् ॥१०२॥

102. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
etadākhyāya sa munirnāradaḥ sumahātapāḥ ,
papracchānantaramidaṁ dharmātmānaṁ yudhiṣṭhiram.

102. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca etat ākhyāya saḥ muniḥ nāradaḥ
sumahātapāḥ papraccha anantaram idam dharmātmānam yudhiṣṭhiram

102. Vaiśampāyana said: Having narrated this, that greatly ascetic (tapas) sage Nārada immediately asked this of Yudhiṣṭhira, who possessed a righteous (dharma) soul (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एतत् (etat) - Refers to the previously mentioned dialogue/narrative. (this, this (thing))

• आख्याय (ākhyāya) - having narrated, having told

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Nārada. (he, that)

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - Refers to Nārada. (sage, ascetic, seer)

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (a divine sage)

• सुमहातपाः (sumahātapāḥ) - Refers to Nārada, highlighting his ascetic (tapas) nature. (of great austerity (tapas), greatly austere)

• पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked, questioned

• अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately, thereupon, next

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to the question that Nārada is about to ask. (this, this (question))

• धर्मात्मानम् (dharmātmānam) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira, describing his virtuous nature. (having a righteous (dharma) soul (ātman))

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira (a proper name)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a famous sage, disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Perfect tense, Parasmaipada, irregular form

Root: vac (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - Refers to the previously mentioned dialogue/narrative. (this, this (thing))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Neuter nominative/accusative singular

Note: Also nominative singular.

आख्याय (ākhyāya) - having narrated, having told

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix ā + root khyā (to tell) + suffix lyap (ya)

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund) form.

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Nārada. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine nominative singular form of tad

Note: Masculine nominative singular.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - Refers to Nārada. (sage, ascetic, seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint, silent one

From root man (to think, to perceive)

Root: man (class 4)

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (a divine sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (name of a divine sage, a son of Brahmā, famed for music and storytelling)

सुमहातपाः (sumahātapāḥ) - Refers to Nārada, highlighting his ascetic (tapas) nature. (of great austerity (tapas), greatly austere)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahātapā

sumahātapā - one who has great asceticism, of great austerity, greatly austere

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+mahā+tapas)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• tapas – heat, asceticism, austerity (tapas), penance
  noun (neuter)
  From root tap (to heat, to perform austerity)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Masculine nominative singular, agreeing with 'nāradaḥ'.

पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked, questioned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of prach

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Perfect tense, Parasmaipada, irregular form

Root: prach (class 6)

अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - immediately, thereupon, next

(indeclinable)

Functions as an adverb, derived from an (not) + antara (interval).

Compound type : bahuvrihi or avyayibhāva (as adverb) (an+antara)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• antara – interval, space between, other
  noun (neuter)

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

इदम् (idam) - Refers to the question that Nārada is about to ask. (this, this (question))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Neuter nominative/accusative singular form of idam

Note: Also nominative singular.

धर्मात्मानम् (dharmātmānam) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira, describing his virtuous nature. (having a righteous (dharma) soul (ātman))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - one whose soul (ātman) is righteous (dharma), righteous-souled, virtuous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – soul, self, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Masculine accusative singular, agreeing with 'yudhiṣṭhiram'.

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle, Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest Pāṇḍava)

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – steady, firm, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Masculine accusative singular form.