महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-5, verse-41

कच्चिन्नैको बहूनर्थान्सर्वशः सांपरायिकान् ।
अनुशास्सि यथाकामं कामात्मा शासनातिगः ॥४१॥

41. kaccinnaiko bahūnarthānsarvaśaḥ sāṁparāyikān ,
anuśāssi yathākāmaṁ kāmātmā śāsanātigaḥ.

41. kaccit na ekaḥ bahūn arthān sarvaśaḥ sāṃparāyikān
anuśāssi yathākāmam kāmātmā śāsanātigaḥ

41. I hope you do not, driven by personal desire (kāma) and transgressing the established rules of governance, unilaterally manage many strategic affairs entirely as you please.

41. האם אינך מנהל לבדך, כרצונך, ענייני מלחמה רבים בכל מקום, כמי שנשלט בתאוותיו ופורץ כל מסגרת?

Words meanings summery:

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - Is it possible that?, I hope that..., whether

• न (na) - not, no

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, sole

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, much

• अर्थान् (arthān) - purposes, matters, affairs, interests

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, completely, in every respect

• सांपरायिकान् (sāṁparāyikān) - relating to battle, strategic, pertaining to emergencies or future matters

• अनुशास्सि (anuśāssi) - you instruct, you govern, you administer

• यथाकामम् (yathākāmam) - as desired, according to pleasure, arbitrarily

• कामात्मा (kāmātmā) - one whose nature is dominated by desire, self-willed, sensual

• शासनातिगः (śāsanātigaḥ) - transgressing rules, violating governance, going beyond commands

Words meanings and morphology

कच्चित् (kaccit) - Is it possible that?, I hope that..., whether

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, sole

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, sole, alone, single

बहून् (bahūn) - many, much

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, abundant, numerous

अर्थान् (arthān) - purposes, matters, affairs, interests

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - purpose, aim, cause, meaning, wealth, interest, thing

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, completely, in every respect

(indeclinable)

Formed with the suffix '-śaḥ' from 'sarva' (all).

सांपरायिकान् (sāṁparāyikān) - relating to battle, strategic, pertaining to emergencies or future matters

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāṃparāyika

sāṁparāyika - relating to battle, strategic, pertaining to the future world, pertaining to emergencies

Derived from 'saṃparāya' (battle, conflict, future life, emergency).

अनुशास्सि (anuśāssi) - you instruct, you govern, you administer

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of anuśās

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

यथाकामम् (yathākāmam) - as desired, according to pleasure, arbitrarily

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+kāma)

• yathā – as, like, according to, in which way
  indeclinable
• kāma – desire, wish, longing, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

कामात्मा (kāmātmā) - one whose nature is dominated by desire, self-willed, sensual

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmātman

kāmātman - one whose self (ātman) or nature is dominated by desire (kāma), self-willed, sensual

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāma+ātman)

• kāma – desire, wish, longing
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, nature, spirit, vital breath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

शासनातिगः (śāsanātigaḥ) - transgressing rules, violating governance, going beyond commands

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāsanātiga

śāsanātiga - one who transgresses rules or governance, violating commands

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śāsana+atiga)

• śāsana – rule, command, instruction, governance, administration
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'śās' (to rule, to command).
  Root: śās (class 2)
• atiga – going beyond, transgressing, overcoming
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun (from root gam with ati)
  Derived from the root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ati' (beyond).
  Prefix: ati
  Root: gam (class 1)

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