महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-5, verse-60

कच्चिदायस्य चार्धेन चतुर्भागेन वा पुनः ।
पादभागैस्त्रिभिर्वापि व्ययः संशोध्यते तव ॥६०॥

60. kaccidāyasya cārdhena caturbhāgena vā punaḥ ,
pādabhāgaistribhirvāpi vyayaḥ saṁśodhyate tava.

60. kaccit āyasya ca ardhena caturbhāgena vā punaḥ
pādabhāgaiḥ tribhiḥ vā api vyayaḥ saṃśodhyate tava

60. Hopefully, is your expenditure settled (within) half, or a fourth, or even three-quarters of your income (āya)?

Words meanings summery:

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - Hopefully, is it so that? (an interrogative particle implying expectation) (Is it true that?, hopefully, possibly, perhaps)

• आयस्य (āyasya) - of your (king's) income or revenue (of income, of revenue, of gain)

• च (ca) - and (connecting the alternatives 'half' and 'a fourth') (and, also)

• अर्धेन (ardhena) - by (the measure of) half (of the income) (by half, with half)

• चतुर्भागेन (caturbhāgena) - by (the measure of) a fourth part (of the income) (by a fourth part)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - or again (introducing another alternative) (again, but, moreover)

• पादभागैः (pādabhāgaiḥ) - by quarter parts (used with 'tribhiḥ' to mean three-quarters) (by quarter parts)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three (referring to three quarter parts) (by three)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• व्ययः (vyayaḥ) - your (king's) expenditure (expenditure, expense, loss)

• संशोध्यते (saṁśodhyate) - is settled or regulated (in terms of finances) (is cleared, is purified, is settled, is regulated)

• तव (tava) - your (belonging to the king) (your)

Words meanings and morphology

कच्चित् (kaccit) - Hopefully, is it so that? (an interrogative particle implying expectation) (Is it true that?, hopefully, possibly, perhaps)

(indeclinable)

आयस्य (āyasya) - of your (king's) income or revenue (of income, of revenue, of gain)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āya

āya - income, revenue, gain, advantage

From ā-√i (to come, to obtain) + -a suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and (connecting the alternatives 'half' and 'a fourth') (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Serves to connect 'ardhena' and 'caturbhāgena' as alternatives.

अर्धेन (ardhena) - by (the measure of) half (of the income) (by half, with half)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ardha

ardha - half, part, side

चतुर्भागेन (caturbhāgena) - by (the measure of) a fourth part (of the income) (by a fourth part)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of caturbhāga

caturbhāga - fourth part, quarter

Compound type : tatpurusha (catur+bhāga)

• catur – four
  numeral
• bhāga – part, share, portion
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhaj (to divide, distribute).
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - or again (introducing another alternative) (again, but, moreover)

(indeclinable)

पादभागैः (pādabhāgaiḥ) - by quarter parts (used with 'tribhiḥ' to mean three-quarters) (by quarter parts)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pādabhāga

pādabhāga - a quarter part, a fourth share

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāda+bhāga)

• pāda – foot, quarter, fourth part
  noun (masculine)
• bhāga – part, share, portion
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhaj (to divide, distribute).
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Part of 'three quarters'.

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three (referring to three quarter parts) (by three)

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'pādabhāgaiḥ'.

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

व्ययः (vyayaḥ) - your (king's) expenditure (expenditure, expense, loss)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyaya

vyaya - expenditure, expense, outlay, loss, waste

From vi-√i (to go apart, pass away) + -a suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'saṃśodhyate'.

संशोध्यते (saṁśodhyate) - is settled or regulated (in terms of finances) (is cleared, is purified, is settled, is regulated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of saṃśudh

Present Passive Indicative

Root √śudh (P.4) + saṃ (prefix) + -ya (passive suffix) + -te (3rd sg. present middle ending).

Prefix: sam

Root: śudh (class 4)

तव (tava) - your (belonging to the king) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive pronoun, referring to the king.