महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-2, chapter-5, verse-28
कच्चिद्द्विषामविदितः प्रतियत्तश्च सर्वदा ।
नित्ययुक्तो रिपून्सर्वान्वीक्षसे रिपुसूदन ॥२८॥
नित्ययुक्तो रिपून्सर्वान्वीक्षसे रिपुसूदन ॥२८॥
28. kacciddviṣāmaviditaḥ pratiyattaśca sarvadā ,
nityayukto ripūnsarvānvīkṣase ripusūdana.
nityayukto ripūnsarvānvīkṣase ripusūdana.
28.
kaccit dviṣām aviditaḥ pratiyattaḥ ca sarvadā
nityayuktaḥ ripūn sarvān vīkṣase ripusūdana
nityayuktaḥ ripūn sarvān vīkṣase ripusūdana
28.
O slayer of enemies, I hope that you are always vigilant and prepared, discreetly observing all your enemies without their knowledge.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that; Is it that?
- द्विषाम् (dviṣām) - of enemies
- अविदितः (aviditaḥ) - unknown; unnoticed; unperceived
- प्रतियत्तः (pratiyattaḥ) - prepared; ready; vigilant
- च (ca) - and; also
- सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always; at all times
- नित्ययुक्तः (nityayuktaḥ) - constantly engaged; ever vigilant; always attentive
- रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies; foes
- सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; every
- वीक्षसे (vīkṣase) - you observe; you see; you perceive
- रिपुसूदन (ripusūdana) - Refers to the person being addressed, likely Yudhiṣṭhira or a king. (O slayer of enemies)
Words meanings and morphology
कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that; Is it that?
(indeclinable)
द्विषाम् (dviṣām) - of enemies
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of dviṣ
dviṣ - enemy; hater; adversary
अविदितः (aviditaḥ) - unknown; unnoticed; unperceived
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of avidita
avidita - unknown; unnoticed; unperceived; not learned
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root vid (to know) with negative prefix a-
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vidita)
- a – not; un-
indeclinable - vidita – known; perceived; understood
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Partication
Past passive participle of root vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2)
प्रतियत्तः (pratiyattaḥ) - prepared; ready; vigilant
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pratiyatta
pratiyatta - prepared; ready; vigilant; arranged
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of root yam (to control, restrain) with prefix prati
Prefix: prati
Root: yam (class 1)
च (ca) - and; also
(indeclinable)
सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always; at all times
(indeclinable)
Derived from sarva (all) + suffix -dā (indicating time)
नित्ययुक्तः (nityayuktaḥ) - constantly engaged; ever vigilant; always attentive
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nityayukta
nityayukta - constantly engaged; ever vigilant; always attentive; always devoted
Compound type : karmadhāraya (nitya+yukta)
- nitya – constant; eternal; always; perpetual
adjective (masculine) - yukta – engaged; joined; attentive; vigilant; yoked
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of root yuj (to join)
Root: yuj (class 7)
रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies; foes
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of ripu
ripu - enemy; foe; adversary
सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; every
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all; every; whole; entire
वीक्षसे (vīkṣase) - you observe; you see; you perceive
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vīkṣ
Prefix: vi
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
रिपुसूदन (ripusūdana) - Refers to the person being addressed, likely Yudhiṣṭhira or a king. (O slayer of enemies)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of ripusūdana
ripusūdana - slayer of enemies; destroyer of foes
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ripu+sūdana)
- ripu – enemy; foe
noun (masculine) - sūdana – slayer; destroyer; crushing
noun (masculine)
Agent noun from root sūd (to destroy, kill)
Root: sūd (class 10)