महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-2, chapter-5, verse-88
कच्चित्तव गृहेऽन्नानि स्वादून्यश्नन्ति वै द्विजाः ।
गुणवन्ति गुणोपेतास्तवाध्यक्षं सदक्षिणम् ॥८८॥
गुणवन्ति गुणोपेतास्तवाध्यक्षं सदक्षिणम् ॥८८॥
88. kaccittava gṛhe'nnāni svādūnyaśnanti vai dvijāḥ ,
guṇavanti guṇopetāstavādhyakṣaṁ sadakṣiṇam.
guṇavanti guṇopetāstavādhyakṣaṁ sadakṣiṇam.
88.
kaccit tava gṛhe annāni svādūni aśnanti vai dvijāḥ
guṇavanti guṇopetāḥ tava adhyakṣam sadakṣiṇam
guṇavanti guṇopetāḥ tava adhyakṣam sadakṣiṇam
88. I hope that in your house, the virtuous Brahmins (dvija) partake of delicious and wholesome foods, offered in your presence and accompanied by appropriate gifts.
88. האם בביתך אוכלים בְּרַהְמִינִים מאכלים טעימים ומזינים, בליווי מתנות, תחת פיקוח המנהל שלך, בְּרַהְמִינִים בעלי סגולות?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope, is it that, perchance
- तव (tava) - your, of you
- गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house, at home
- अन्नानि (annāni) - foods, provisions
- स्वादूनि (svādūni) - delicious (referring to foods) (delicious, tasty, sweet, pleasant)
- अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - they eat, they partake, they consume
- वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily, surely
- द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - Brahmins, the twice-born
- गुणवन्ति (guṇavanti) - wholesome, nutritious (referring to foods) (possessing qualities, wholesome, virtuous)
- गुणोपेताः (guṇopetāḥ) - virtuous (referring to Brahmins) (endowed with qualities, virtuous)
- तव (tava) - your, of you
- अध्यक्षम् (adhyakṣam) - in your presence, under your supervision (in the presence of, under the supervision of, presided over by)
- सदक्षिणम् (sadakṣiṇam) - accompanied by appropriate gifts (with gifts, accompanied by sacrificial fees)
Words meanings and morphology
कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope, is it that, perchance
(indeclinable)
तव (tava) - your, of you
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of tvad
tvad - you
गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house, at home
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of gṛha
gṛha - house, home, dwelling
अन्नानि (annāni) - foods, provisions
(noun)
neuter, plural of anna
anna - food, grain, cooked rice, provisions
Past Passive Participle
Derived from √ad (to eat), meaning 'eaten' or 'food'.
Root: √ad (class 2)
स्वादूनि (svādūni) - delicious (referring to foods) (delicious, tasty, sweet, pleasant)
(adjective)
neuter, plural of svādu
svādu - sweet, delicious, pleasant, palatable
Note: Modifies 'annāni'.
अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - they eat, they partake, they consume
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √aś
Root: √aś (class 9)
वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily, surely
(indeclinable)
द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - Brahmins, the twice-born
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dvija
dvija - a Brahmin, a bird, a snake, a tooth (lit. 'twice-born')
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa/Bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two
numeral - ja – born, produced from
adjective
kṛt suffix
Derived from root √jan (to be born) with the suffix ḍa (P. 3.2.1-2)
Root: √jan (class 4)
गुणवन्ति (guṇavanti) - wholesome, nutritious (referring to foods) (possessing qualities, wholesome, virtuous)
(adjective)
neuter, plural of guṇavat
guṇavat - possessing qualities, virtuous, good, excellent
Derived with the taddhita suffix -vat (matup) meaning 'possessing'.
Note: Modifies 'annāni'.
गुणोपेताः (guṇopetāḥ) - virtuous (referring to Brahmins) (endowed with qualities, virtuous)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇopeta
guṇopeta - endowed with qualities, possessed of virtues, virtuous
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (guṇa+upeta)
- guṇa – quality, virtue, merit, attribute
noun (masculine) - upeta – endowed with, possessed of, approached
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Derived from upā-√i (to go near, obtain, possess)
Prefix: upa
Root: √i (class 2)
Note: Modifies 'dvijāḥ'.
तव (tava) - your, of you
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of tvad
tvad - you
Note: Used here as part of 'tavādhyakṣam' (your supervision).
अध्यक्षम् (adhyakṣam) - in your presence, under your supervision (in the presence of, under the supervision of, presided over by)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of adhyakṣa
adhyakṣa - superintendent, overseer, president, witness, visible, perceptible
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (adhi+akṣa)
- adhi – over, above, upon, in charge of
indeclinable - akṣa – eye, sense organ, knowledge
noun (masculine/neuter)
Note: Used adverbially.
सदक्षिणम् (sadakṣiṇam) - accompanied by appropriate gifts (with gifts, accompanied by sacrificial fees)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sadakṣiṇa
sadakṣiṇa - accompanied by a sacrificial gift, with a gift
Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+dakṣiṇā)
- sa – with, accompanied by, together with
indeclinable - dakṣiṇā – sacrificial fee, gift, donation, right (side)
noun (feminine)
Note: Used adverbially.