महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-51, verse-99

तेषामापततां शूरः पाञ्चालानां तरस्विनाम् ।
आदत्तेऽसूञ्शरैः कर्णः पतंगानामिवानलः ॥९९॥

99. teṣāmāpatatāṁ śūraḥ pāñcālānāṁ tarasvinām ,
ādatte'sūñśaraiḥ karṇaḥ pataṁgānāmivānalaḥ.

99. teṣām āpatatām śūraḥ pāñcālānām tarasvinām
ādatte asūn śaraiḥ karṇaḥ pataṅgānām iva analaḥ

99. śūraḥ karṇaḥ śaraiḥ āpatatām tarasvinām teṣām pāñcālānām asūn ādatte,
iva analaḥ pataṅgānām (asūn)

99. Just as fire consumes the lives (asu) of moths, so brave Karṇa, with his arrows, took away the lives of those mighty Panchalas who were advancing.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (Panchalas) (of them, their)

• आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those advancing/attacking (of those falling, of those advancing, of those attacking)

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - brave (Karṇa) (hero, brave, valiant)

• पाञ्चालानाम् (pāñcālānām) - of the Panchalas

• तरस्विनाम् (tarasvinām) - of the mighty ones (of the mighty, of the swift, of the impetuous)

• आदत्ते (ādatte) - takes away (lives) (takes, seizes, takes away)

• असून् (asūn) - lives (lives, breaths, vital airs)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (Karna (proper noun))

• पतङ्गानाम् (pataṅgānām) - of moths (of moths, of birds)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• अनलः (analaḥ) - fire (fire, Agni)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (Panchalas) (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies 'pāñcālānām'

आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those advancing/attacking (of those falling, of those advancing, of those attacking)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - falling, coming towards, attacking, advancing

present active participle

Present active participle of √pat with ā

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pāñcālānām'

शूरः (śūraḥ) - brave (Karṇa) (hero, brave, valiant)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, valiant, warrior

Note: Qualifies 'karṇaḥ'

पाञ्चालानाम् (pāñcālānām) - of the Panchalas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a native of Panchala, the Panchalas (plural)

Note: Part of the group whose lives are taken

तरस्विनाम् (tarasvinām) - of the mighty ones (of the mighty, of the swift, of the impetuous)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tarasvin

tarasvin - mighty, powerful, impetuous, swift

Possessive suffix -vin added to taras

Note: Qualifies 'pāñcālānām'

आदत्ते (ādatte) - takes away (lives) (takes, seizes, takes away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of dā

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Main verb of the sentence, subject 'karṇaḥ' and 'analaḥ'

असून् (asūn) - lives (lives, breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of asu

asu - breath, life, vital air, spirit

Note: Object of 'ādatte'

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Instrument of taking lives

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (Karna (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name of a warrior, son of Surya and Kunti)

Note: Subject of the first part of the comparison

पतङ्गानाम् (pataṅgānām) - of moths (of moths, of birds)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pataṅga

pataṅga - moth, grasshopper, bird

Note: Object of comparison, whose lives are taken by fire

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for comparison

अनलः (analaḥ) - fire (fire, Agni)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anala

anala - fire, god of fire (Agni)

Note: Subject of the comparison clause