महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-51, verse-55

यदि वा द्विपदां श्रेष्ठ द्रोणं मानयतो गुरुम् ।
अश्वत्थाम्नि कृपा तेऽस्ति कृपे चाचार्यगौरवात् ॥५५॥

55. yadi vā dvipadāṁ śreṣṭha droṇaṁ mānayato gurum ,
aśvatthāmni kṛpā te'sti kṛpe cācāryagauravāt.

55. yadi vā dvipadām śreṣṭha droṇam mānayataḥ gurum
aśvatthāmni kṛpā te asti kṛpe ca ācārya-gauravāt

55. dvipadām śreṣṭha,
yadi vā (tava) droṇam mānayataḥ gurum aśvatthāmni te kṛpā asti ca ācārya-gauravāt kṛpe (saṃjāte)

55. If, O best among two-footed beings, your two compassions — one for Droṇa, the revered (guru) whom you honor, and the other for Ashvatthaman — exist, and these (compassions) are based on reverence for the preceptor (guru).

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if

• वा (vā) - or, either, and

• द्विपदाम् (dvipadām) - among humans, among men (among two-footed beings)

• श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best, O most excellent

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa, the military preceptor (Drona (proper noun); a measure of grain; a trough)

• मानयतः (mānayataḥ) - of you who honors (of one who honors/reveres; honoring, showing respect)

• गुरुम् (gurum) - teacher, preceptor, respected one

• अश्वत्थाम्नि (aśvatthāmni) - towards Ashvatthaman, son of Droṇa (in/towards Ashvatthaman)

• कृपा (kṛpā) - compassion, pity, mercy

• ते (te) - your, to you

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• कृपे (kṛpe) - these two compassions (for Droṇa and Ashvatthaman) (two compassions, compassions)

• च (ca) - and, also

• आचार्य-गौरवात् (ācārya-gauravāt) - from respect for the teacher, due to teacher's dignity

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either, and

(indeclinable)

द्विपदाम् (dvipadām) - among humans, among men (among two-footed beings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvipada

dvipada - two-footed, biped; a human being

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+pada)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pada – foot, step, leg
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used as part of a superlative phrase 'best among'.

श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best, O most excellent

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, excellent, superior

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa, the military preceptor (Drona (proper noun); a measure of grain; a trough)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a preceptor in the Mahābhārata); a measure of grain; a trough

Note: Object of compassion.

मानयतः (mānayataḥ) - of you who honors (of one who honors/reveres; honoring, showing respect)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mānayat

mānayat - honoring, showing respect, causing to honor

Present Active Participle

from root `man` (to think) in causative (`mānayati`)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Participial form, acting as an adjective for the implicit subject 'you'.

गुरुम् (gurum) - teacher, preceptor, respected one

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide (guru); heavy, important

Note: Apposition to `droṇam`.

अश्वत्थाम्नि (aśvatthāmni) - towards Ashvatthaman, son of Droṇa (in/towards Ashvatthaman)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāman

aśvatthāman - Ashvatthaman (son of Droṇa, a character in the Mahābhārata)

Note: Object of compassion.

कृपा (kṛpā) - compassion, pity, mercy

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛpā

kṛpā - compassion, pity, mercy

Note: Subject of `asti`.

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular, informal)

Note: Genitive singular, possessive 'your'.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

present indicative

3rd person singular present indicative active

Root: as (class 2)

कृपे (kṛpe) - these two compassions (for Droṇa and Ashvatthaman) (two compassions, compassions)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of kṛpā

kṛpā - compassion, pity, mercy

Note: Nominative dual, referring to compassion for two individuals (Droṇa and Ashvatthaman).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आचार्य-गौरवात् (ācārya-gauravāt) - from respect for the teacher, due to teacher's dignity

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ācārya-gaurava

ācārya-gaurava - reverence for the preceptor, respect for the teacher

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ācārya+gaurava)

• ācārya – teacher, preceptor (guru)
  noun (masculine)
• gaurava – respect, reverence, dignity, weight
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates the cause for compassion.