महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-51, verse-102

तापनं सर्वसैन्यानां घोररूपं सुदारुणम् ।
समावृत्य महासेनां ज्वलति स्वेन तेजसा ॥१०२॥

102. tāpanaṁ sarvasainyānāṁ ghorarūpaṁ sudāruṇam ,
samāvṛtya mahāsenāṁ jvalati svena tejasā.

102. tāpanam sarva-sainyānām ghora-rūpam sudāruṇam
samāvṛtya mahā-senām jvalati svena tejasā

102. sarva-sainyānām tāpanam ghora-rūpam su-dāruṇam
mahā-senām samāvṛtya svena tejasā jvalati

102. Scorching all armies, dreadful in form, and exceedingly terrible, it blazes with its own radiance, having surrounded the great army.

Words meanings summery:

• तापनम् (tāpanam) - scorching, tormenting, causing distress

• सर्व-सैन्यानाम् (sarva-sainyānām) - of all armies

• घोर-रूपम् (ghora-rūpam) - dreadful in form, terrible in appearance

• सु-दारुणम् (su-dāruṇam) - exceedingly terrible, very cruel

• समावृत्य (samāvṛtya) - having encompassed, having surrounded, having covered

• महा-सेनाम् (mahā-senām) - the great army

• ज्वलति (jvalati) - shines, blazes, burns

• स्वेन (svena) - by its own

• तेजसा (tejasā) - by radiance, by might, by energy

Words meanings and morphology

तापनम् (tāpanam) - scorching, tormenting, causing distress

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tāpana

tāpana - heating, scorching, tormenting, causing distress

verbal noun/adjective

From root 'tap' (to heat, suffer) with suffix 'ana'

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (the weapon).

सर्व-सैन्यानाम् (sarva-sainyānām) - of all armies

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarva-sainya

sarva-sainya - all armies, every army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+sainya)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• sainya – army, military, relating to an army
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from senā (army) with suffix -ya

Note: Object of 'tāpanam' (causing distress to all armies).

घोर-रूपम् (ghora-rūpam) - dreadful in form, terrible in appearance

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora-rūpa

ghora-rūpa - dreadful in form, terrible in appearance

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ghora+rūpa)

• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fearful
  adjective
  Root: ghur (class 1)
• rūpa – form, appearance, shape
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (the weapon).

सु-दारुणम् (su-dāruṇam) - exceedingly terrible, very cruel

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of su-dāruṇa

su-dāruṇa - exceedingly terrible, very cruel, highly formidable

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dāruṇa)

• su – good, well, excellent, very
  indeclinable
• dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, cruel
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: dṝ (class 9)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (the weapon).

समावृत्य (samāvṛtya) - having encompassed, having surrounded, having covered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root 'vṛ' (to cover) with upasargas 'sam' and 'ā', suffix 'lya'

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Participle indicating action prior to the main verb.

महा-सेनाम् (mahā-senām) - the great army

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahā-senā

mahā-senā - great army, large force

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+senā)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine form of mahat
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'samāvṛtya'.

ज्वलति (jvalati) - shines, blazes, burns

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jval

Present Active

Root 'jval', class 1, parasmaipada, word_base_form 'jvalati'

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence, subject is the implied weapon (astram/rūpam).

स्वेन (svena) - by its own

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, his own, her own, its own

Note: Qualifies 'tejasā'.

तेजसा (tejasā) - by radiance, by might, by energy

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - radiance, splendor, energy, might, spiritual power

Root: tij (class 1)

Note: Instrument by which it blazes.