महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-51, verse-42

भवता तु बलं सर्वं धार्तराष्ट्रस्य वारितम् ।
ततो द्रोणो हतो युद्धे पार्षतेन धनंजय ॥४२॥

42. bhavatā tu balaṁ sarvaṁ dhārtarāṣṭrasya vāritam ,
tato droṇo hato yuddhe pārṣatena dhanaṁjaya.

42. bhavatā tu balam sarvam dhārtarāṣṭrasya vāritam
tataḥ droṇaḥ hataḥ yuddhe pārṣatena dhanaṃjaya

42. dhanaṃjaya bhavatā tu dhārtarāṣṭrasya sarvam
balam vāritam tataḥ droṇaḥ pārṣatena yuddhe hataḥ

42. But by you, the entire army of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons was held back. Therefore, Drona was killed in battle by Dhṛṣṭadyumna, O Dhanañjaya.

Words meanings summery:

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you, by your honor

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• बलम् (balam) - army, strength, force

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra's sons, of the Kauravas

• वारितम् (vāritam) - checked, prevented, held back, warded off

• ततः (tataḥ) - thence, therefore, then

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, struck, smitten

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• पार्षतेन (pārṣatena) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna (by the son of Pṛṣata)

• धनंजय (dhanaṁjaya) - O Arjuna (O Dhanañjaya)

Words meanings and morphology

भवता (bhavatā) - by you, by your honor

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you, your honor, sir (honorific pronoun)

Present active participle of √bhū (to be), used as a polite second-person pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

बलम् (balam) - army, strength, force

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troops

Root: bal (class 10)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, complete, universal

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra's sons, of the Kauravas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - a son of Dhritarashtra, a Kaurava

A patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

Note: Refers to the army of the Kauravas.

वारितम् (vāritam) - checked, prevented, held back, warded off

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vārita

vārita - checked, prevented, warded off, restrained

past passive participle

Past passive participle of the causative of √vṛ (to cover, ward off, restrain).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

ततः (tataḥ) - thence, therefore, then

(indeclinable)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of the royal preceptor)

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, struck, smitten

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, smitten, destroyed

past passive participle

Past passive participle of the root √han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'droṇaḥ'.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war, combat

From the root √yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

पार्षतेन (pārṣatena) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna (by the son of Pṛṣata)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - descendant of Pṛṣata; a patronymic often referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna

A patronymic from Pṛṣata (Drupada's father).

धनंजय (dhanaṁjaya) - O Arjuna (O Dhanañjaya)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth (an epithet of Arjuna)

Compound of dhana (wealth) and jaya (victory/conquest).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  From the root √ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)