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8,51

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-51, verse-68

द्रोणद्रौणिकृपान्वीरान्कम्पयन्तो महारथान् ।
निर्मनुष्यांश्च मातङ्गान्विरथांश्च महारथान् ॥६८॥
68. droṇadrauṇikṛpānvīrānkampayanto mahārathān ,
nirmanuṣyāṁśca mātaṅgānvirathāṁśca mahārathān.
68. droṇadrauṇikṛpān vīrān kampayantam mahārathān
nirmanuṣyān ca mātaṅgān virathān ca mahārathān
68. droṇadrauṇikṛpān vīrān mahārathān kampayantam
nirmanuṣyān ca mātaṅgān virathān ca mahārathān
68. Making Drona, Ashvatthama, Kripa, and other great charioteer heroes tremble; rendering great charioteers chariot-less; and causing elephants to be without riders.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • द्रोणद्रौणिकृपान् (droṇadrauṇikṛpān) - The revered warriors Drona, Ashvatthama (Drona's son), and Kripa (Drona, Ashvatthama, Kripa (accusative plural))
  • वीरान् (vīrān) - The heroic warriors (heroes, brave ones, warriors)
  • कम्पयन्तम् (kampayantam) - Causing the great charioteers to tremble (making tremble, shaking, causing to shake)
  • महारथान् (mahārathān) - The prominent great charioteers on the opposing side (great charioteers, mighty warriors)
  • निर्मनुष्यान् (nirmanuṣyān) - Without riders (referring to elephants) (without men, devoid of people, deserted)
  • (ca) - And (and, also)
  • मातङ्गान् (mātaṅgān) - The elephants (of the enemy army) (elephants)
  • विरथान् (virathān) - Deprived of their chariots (without chariots, chariotless)
  • (ca) - And (and, also)
  • महारथान् (mahārathān) - The prominent great charioteers on the opposing side (great charioteers, mighty warriors)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणद्रौणिकृपान् (droṇadrauṇikṛpān) - The revered warriors Drona, Ashvatthama (Drona's son), and Kripa (Drona, Ashvatthama, Kripa (accusative plural))
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of droṇadrauṇikṛpa
droṇadrauṇikṛpa - Drona, Ashvatthama (son of Drona), and Kripa
Compound type : dvandva (droṇa+drauṇi+kṛpa)
  • droṇa – Drona (a revered teacher and warrior)
    proper noun (masculine)
  • drauṇi – Son of Drona, Ashvatthama (a revered warrior)
    proper noun (masculine)
    Patronymic derivation from Drona.
  • kṛpa – Kripa (a revered teacher and warrior)
    proper noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to the three prominent warriors: Drona, Ashvatthama (son of Drona), and Kripa.
वीरान् (vīrān) - The heroic warriors (heroes, brave ones, warriors)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vīra
vīra - hero, brave, powerful, warrior
Note: In apposition to Drona, Ashvatthama, and Kripa, or referring to other unnamed heroes.
कम्पयन्तम् (kampayantam) - Causing the great charioteers to tremble (making tremble, shaking, causing to shake)
(participle)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kampayat
kampayat - shaking, causing to tremble
present active participle (causative)
Derived from the causative root √kamp (to tremble) with suffix -ayat, then -at for participle.
Root: kamp (class 1)
Note: Describes Abhimanyu (Saubhadra).
महारथान् (mahārathān) - The prominent great charioteers on the opposing side (great charioteers, mighty warriors)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāratha
mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior, one who can fight many thousands of warriors
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)
  • mahā – great, mighty, large
    adjective
  • ratha – chariot, car; warrior fighting from a chariot
    noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to the enemy warriors.
निर्मनुष्यान् (nirmanuṣyān) - Without riders (referring to elephants) (without men, devoid of people, deserted)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of nirmanuṣya
nirmanuṣya - without men, manless, deserted
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+manuṣya)
  • nis – without, out, free from
    indeclinable
  • manuṣya – man, human being
    noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies 'mātaṅgān' (elephants).
(ca) - And (and, also)
(indeclinable)
मातङ्गान् (mātaṅgān) - The elephants (of the enemy army) (elephants)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of mātaṅga
mātaṅga - elephant, a low-caste person
विरथान् (virathān) - Deprived of their chariots (without chariots, chariotless)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of viratha
viratha - without a chariot, chariotless, dismounted
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)
  • vi – without, devoid of, apart
    indeclinable
  • ratha – chariot, car
    noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies 'mahārathān'.
(ca) - And (and, also)
(indeclinable)
महारथान् (mahārathān) - The prominent great charioteers on the opposing side (great charioteers, mighty warriors)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāratha
mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior, one who can fight many thousands of warriors
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)
  • mahā – great, mighty, large
    adjective
  • ratha – chariot, car; warrior fighting from a chariot
    noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to the enemy warriors.