महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-51, verse-101

अस्त्रं हि रामात्कर्णेन भार्गवादृषिसत्तमात् ।
यदुपात्तं पुरा घोरं तस्य रूपमुदीर्यते ॥१०१॥

101. astraṁ hi rāmātkarṇena bhārgavādṛṣisattamāt ,
yadupāttaṁ purā ghoraṁ tasya rūpamudīryate.

101. astram hi rāmāt karṇena bhārgavāt ṛṣi-sattamāt
yat upāttam purā ghoram tasya rūpam udīryate

101. hi yat ghoram astram purā karṇena rāmāt bhārgavāt ṛṣi-sattamāt upāttam,
tasya rūpam udīryate

101. Indeed, the dreadful weapon which was formerly acquired by Karna from Rāma (Bhārgava), the foremost of sages, its form is now being described.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon, missile

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• रामात् (rāmāt) - from Paraśurāma (from Rāma)

• कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna

• भार्गवात् (bhārgavāt) - from Paraśurāma (from Bhārgava (descendant of Bhṛgu))

• ऋषि-सत्तमात् (ṛṣi-sattamāt) - from the best of sages, foremost of ascetics

• यत् (yat) - which, that

• उपात्तम् (upāttam) - acquired, obtained

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, previously

• घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful, terrible, fearful

• तस्य (tasya) - its, of that

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, nature, appearance

• उदीर्यते (udīryate) - is being described, is being spoken of, is being roused

Words meanings and morphology

अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon, missile

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Subject of a passive construction, but grammatically linked to 'yat' and 'upāttam'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

रामात् (rāmāt) - from Paraśurāma (from Rāma)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma, (specifically Paraśurāma in this context)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Source from whom the weapon was obtained.

कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper noun), ear

Note: Agent in the passive construction 'upāttam'.

भार्गवात् (bhārgavāt) - from Paraśurāma (from Bhārgava (descendant of Bhṛgu))

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhārgava

bhārgava - descendant of Bhṛgu, (epithet for Paraśurāma)

Patronymic from Bhṛgu

Note: Further identifies the source.

ऋषि-सत्तमात् (ṛṣi-sattamāt) - from the best of sages, foremost of ascetics

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi-sattama

ṛṣi-sattama - best of sages, foremost ascetic

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛṣi+sattama)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer, ascetic
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent, foremost (superlative of sat)
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Rāma/Bhārgava.

यत् (yat) - which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'astram'.

उपात्तम् (upāttam) - acquired, obtained

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upādā

upādā - to acquire, to obtain, to take up

Past Passive Participle

Root 'dā' with upasarga 'upa', suffix 'kta'

Prefix: upa

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'astram'.

पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, previously

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful, terrible, fearful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, awful

Root: ghur (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'astram'.

तस्य (tasya) - its, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to 'astram'.

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, nature, appearance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, nature, appearance

Note: Subject of 'udīryate'.

उदीर्यते (udīryate) - is being described, is being spoken of, is being roused

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of ud-īr

Present Passive

Root 'īr' with upasarga 'ud', class 2, ātmanepada, suffix 'yate' for passive

Prefix: ud

Root: īr (class 2)

Note: The passive verb describing 'rūpam'.