महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-51, verse-108

तमद्य निशितैर्बाणैर्निहत्य भरतर्षभ ।
यथाप्रतिज्ञं पार्थ त्वं कृत्वा कीर्तिमवाप्नुहि ॥१०८॥

108. tamadya niśitairbāṇairnihatya bharatarṣabha ,
yathāpratijñaṁ pārtha tvaṁ kṛtvā kīrtimavāpnuhi.

108. tam adya niśitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ nihatya bharatarṣabha
yathāpratijñam pārtha tvam kṛtvā kīrtim avāpnuhi

108. bharatarṣabha pārtha tvam adya niśitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ
tam nihatya yathāpratijñam kṛtvā kīrtim avāpnuhi

108. O best among the Bharatas (bharatarṣabha), O son of Pṛthā (pārtha), having killed him today with sharp arrows and having fulfilled your vow, may you achieve great renown.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Karna) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp (by sharpened, by whetted, by keen)

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed (having killed, having struck down)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best among the Bharatas (Arjuna) (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

• यथाप्रतिज्ञम् (yathāpratijñam) - according to your vow (according to promise, as vowed, in accordance with the pledge)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pṛthā (Arjuna) (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Arjuna) (you)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having fulfilled (your vow) (having done, having made)

• कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame, renown (fame, glory, renown)

• अवाप्नुहि (avāpnuhi) - attain, achieve (attain, obtain, achieve)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Karna) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp (by sharpened, by whetted, by keen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śā' (to sharpen) with prefix 'ni-'.

Prefix: ni

Root: śā (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'bāṇaiḥ'.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

निहत्य (nihatya) - having killed (having killed, having struck down)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'han' with prefix 'ni-' and suffix '-tya'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best among the Bharatas (Arjuna) (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull among Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, an Indian
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Arjuna.

यथाप्रतिज्ञम् (yathāpratijñam) - according to your vow (according to promise, as vowed, in accordance with the pledge)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+pratijñā)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• pratijñā – promise, vow, agreement
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: prati

Note: Adverbial usage.

पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pṛthā (Arjuna) (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī) + aṇ (patronymic suffix).

Note: Addressed to Arjuna.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Arjuna) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having fulfilled (your vow) (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'kṛ' with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Connects to 'yathāpratijñam'.

कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame, renown (fame, glory, renown)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kīrti

kīrti - fame, glory, renown

Root: kīrt (class 10)

Note: Object of 'avāpnuhi'.

अवाप्नुहि (avāpnuhi) - attain, achieve (attain, obtain, achieve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of avāp

Imperative, 2nd person singular, active voice.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: From root āp with ava.