महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-8, chapter-51, verse-109
त्वं हि शक्तो रणे जेतुं सकर्णानपि कौरवान् ।
नान्यो युधि युधां श्रेष्ठ सत्यमेतद्ब्रवीमि ते ॥१०९॥
नान्यो युधि युधां श्रेष्ठ सत्यमेतद्ब्रवीमि ते ॥१०९॥
109. tvaṁ hi śakto raṇe jetuṁ sakarṇānapi kauravān ,
nānyo yudhi yudhāṁ śreṣṭha satyametadbravīmi te.
nānyo yudhi yudhāṁ śreṣṭha satyametadbravīmi te.
109.
tvam hi śaktaḥ raṇe jetum sakarṇān api kauravān na
anyaḥ yudhi yudhām śreṣṭha satyam etat bravīmi te
anyaḥ yudhi yudhām śreṣṭha satyam etat bravīmi te
109.
yudhām śreṣṭha,
tvam hi raṇe sakarṇān kauravān api jetum śaktaḥ.
yudhi anyaḥ na.
etat satyam te bravīmi.
tvam hi raṇe sakarṇān kauravān api jetum śaktaḥ.
yudhi anyaḥ na.
etat satyam te bravīmi.
109.
Indeed, you are capable of conquering the Kauravas, even including Karna, in battle. There is no other warrior in battle (yudhi yudhām śreṣṭha), O best of warriors; I tell you this truth.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- त्वम् (tvam) - you (Arjuna) (you)
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely (indeed, surely, for)
- शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable (of) (capable, able, strong)
- रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)
- जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer, to defeat (to conquer, to win, to defeat)
- सकर्णान् (sakarṇān) - including Karna (with Karna, including Karna)
- अपि (api) - even (even, also)
- कौरवान् (kauravān) - the Kauravas
- न (na) - no, not (not, no)
- अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another (warrior) (another, other)
- युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)
- युधाम् (yudhām) - of warriors (of warriors, of fighters)
- श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best (of warriors) (O best, O most excellent)
- सत्यम् (satyam) - truth (truth, reality)
- एतत् (etat) - this (truth) (this, this (neuter accusative singular))
- ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I tell (I say, I tell)
- ते (te) - to you (Arjuna) (to you, your)
Words meanings and morphology
त्वम् (tvam) - you (Arjuna) (you)
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of tvam
tvam - you
हि (hi) - indeed, surely (indeed, surely, for)
(indeclinable)
Note: Particle emphasizing the statement.
शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable (of) (capable, able, strong)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śakta
śakta - able, capable, strong, mighty
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'śak' (to be able).
Root: śak (class 5)
Note: Agrees with 'tvam'.
रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa
raṇa - battle, war, combat
Root: raṇ (class 1)
जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer, to defeat (to conquer, to win, to defeat)
(indeclinable)
Infinitive
Infinitive form of the root 'ji' (to conquer).
Root: ji (class 1)
Note: Used with 'śaktaḥ'.
सकर्णान् (sakarṇān) - including Karna (with Karna, including Karna)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sakarṇa
sakarṇa - with Karna
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+karṇa)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable - karṇa – Karna (a proper name), ear
proper noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies 'kauravān'.
अपि (api) - even (even, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes 'sakarṇān'.
कौरवान् (kauravān) - the Kauravas
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of kaurava
kaurava - descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava
Derived from Kuru + aṇ (patronymic suffix).
Note: Object of 'jetum'.
न (na) - no, not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates 'anyaḥ'.
अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another (warrior) (another, other)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Subject of an implied verb (e.g., 'asti').
युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of yudh
yudh - battle, fight, war
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: From root 'yudh' (to fight).
युधाम् (yudhām) - of warriors (of warriors, of fighters)
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, plural of yudh
yudh - battle, fight, warrior
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Used as "among warriors" with 'śreṣṭha'.
श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best (of warriors) (O best, O most excellent)
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha
śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, superior
Superlative degree of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).
Note: Addressed to Arjuna.
सत्यम् (satyam) - truth (truth, reality)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of satya
satya - truth, reality, true, real
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Object of 'bravīmi'.
एतत् (etat) - this (truth) (this, this (neuter accusative singular))
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this
Note: Refers to the statement about Arjuna's capability.
ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I tell (I say, I tell)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of brū
Present tense, 1st person singular, active voice.
Root: brū (class 2)
Note: Verb of speaking.
ते (te) - to you (Arjuna) (to you, your)
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
Note: Dative singular, "to you".