महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-51, verse-22

तत्सागरमिवोद्धूतं रजसा संवृतं बलम् ।
विदार्य पाण्डवैः क्रुद्धैस्त्वया गुप्तैर्हतं विभो ॥२२॥

22. tatsāgaramivoddhūtaṁ rajasā saṁvṛtaṁ balam ,
vidārya pāṇḍavaiḥ kruddhaistvayā guptairhataṁ vibho.

22. tat sāgaram iva uddhūtam rajasā saṃvṛtam balam
vidārya pāṇḍavaiḥ kruddhaiḥ tvayā guptaiḥ hatam vibho

22. vibho tat sāgaram iva uddhūtam rajasā saṃvṛtam balam,
tvayā गुप्तैः kruddhaiḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ vidārya hatam

22. O lord, that army, agitated like an ocean and enveloped by dust, was first shattered and then destroyed by the furious Pāṇḍavas, who were protected by you.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the army mentioned in previous verses) (that, this)

• सागरम् (sāgaram) - ocean, sea

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उद्धूतम् (uddhūtam) - agitated (churned up, agitated, tossed up, shaken)

• रजसा (rajasā) - by dust (by dust, by the quality of passion (rajas), by dirt)

• संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - enveloped (covered, enveloped, concealed, surrounded)

• बलम् (balam) - army (army, force, strength)

• विदार्य (vidārya) - having shattered (having torn asunder, having split, having shattered)

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas

• क्रुद्धैः (kruddhaiḥ) - by the enraged, by the furious

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• गुप्तैः (guptaiḥ) - by the protected, by the guarded

• हतम् (hatam) - slain, destroyed, killed

• विभो (vibho) - O lord (addressing Krishna) (O lord, O all-pervading)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the army mentioned in previous verses) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

सागरम् (sāgaram) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

Note: Object of comparison with 'iva'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

उद्धूतम् (uddhūtam) - agitated (churned up, agitated, tossed up, shaken)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uddhūta

uddhūta - churned up, agitated, tossed up, shaken, raised

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dhū (to shake) with prefix ud-

Prefix: ud

Root: dhū (class 5)

रजसा (rajasā) - by dust (by dust, by the quality of passion (rajas), by dirt)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, dirt, gloom, menstrual fluid, the quality of passion (guṇa)

Note: Means by dust raised in battle.

संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - enveloped (covered, enveloped, concealed, surrounded)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, enveloped, concealed, surrounded, restrained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vṛ (to cover, choose) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

बलम् (balam) - army (army, force, strength)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force, might

Note: Direct object of 'vidārya' and implied object of 'hatam'.

विदार्य (vidārya) - having shattered (having torn asunder, having split, having shattered)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √dṛ (to tear, split) with prefix vi- and suffix -ya (when prefixed)

Prefix: vi

Root: dṛ (class 1)

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu (a Pāṇḍava)

From paṇḍu + aṇ (patronymic suffix)

Note: Agent of 'hatam' and 'vidārya'.

क्रुद्धैः (kruddhaiḥ) - by the enraged, by the furious

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Note: Agent of 'guptaiḥ'.

गुप्तैः (guptaiḥ) - by the protected, by the guarded

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gupta

gupta - protected, guarded, concealed, secret

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √gup (to protect)

Root: gup (class 1)

हतम् (hatam) - slain, destroyed, killed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, destroyed, smitten

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Functions here as a past passive participle describing the state of the army.

विभो (vibho) - O lord (addressing Krishna) (O lord, O all-pervading)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - lord, master, all-pervading, powerful