महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-51, verse-34

विचरन्तं तथा तं तु संग्रामे जितकाशिनम् ।
सर्वोद्योगेन सहसा पाण्डवाः समुपाद्रवन् ॥३४॥

34. vicarantaṁ tathā taṁ tu saṁgrāme jitakāśinam ,
sarvodyogena sahasā pāṇḍavāḥ samupādravan.

34. vicarantam tathā tam tu saṃgrāme jitakāśinam
sarva udyogena sahasā pāṇḍavāḥ samupādravan

34. tu pāṇḍavāḥ sarva udyogena sahasā tathā saṃgrāme
jitakāśinam vicarantam tam samupādravan

34. But the Pāṇḍavas, with their full force, suddenly attacked him, who was thus moving about in battle and shining victoriously.

Words meanings summery:

• विचरन्तम् (vicarantam) - moving about, ranging, roaming

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

• तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine accusative singular)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in war

• जितकाशिनम् (jitakāśinam) - shining victoriously, appearing triumphant

• सर्व (sarva) - all, every, whole

• उद्योगेन (udyogena) - with effort, with exertion

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, violently

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

• समुपाद्रवन् (samupādravan) - attacked, rushed upon, charged

Words meanings and morphology

विचरन्तम् (vicarantam) - moving about, ranging, roaming

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vicarat

vi-car - to move about, wander, roam, behave

Present Active Participle

Derived from root car (class 1) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of samupādravan.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict, engagement

Prefix: sam

Root: gram

जितकाशिनम् (jitakāśinam) - shining victoriously, appearing triumphant

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jitakāśin

jitakāśin - shining with victory, radiant with triumph, appearing victorious

Compound of jita (victorious, past passive participle of ji) and kāśin (shining, agent noun from kāś).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jita+kāśin)

• jita – conquered, won, victorious
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ji 'to conquer'.
  Root: ji
• kāśin – shining, bright, appearing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root kāś 'to shine, appear'.
  Root: kāś (class 1)

सर्व (sarva) - all, every, whole

(adjective)

masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

उद्योगेन (udyogena) - with effort, with exertion

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of udyoga

udyoga - effort, exertion, endeavor, preparation

From ud-yuj (to apply, exert).

Prefix: ud

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Part of compound sarvodyogena.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, violently

(indeclinable)

Derived from sahas (strength, force).

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu, especially referring to the five Pāṇḍava brothers

patronymic.

समुपाद्रवन् (samupādravan) - attacked, rushed upon, charged

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samupādravan

Imperfect (Laṅ)

3rd person plural, active voice. Root dru (class 1) with prefixes sam-, upa-, ā-.

Prefixes: sam+upa+ā

Root: dru (class 1)