महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-51, verse-96

य एकः पाण्डवीं सेनां शरौघैः समवेष्टयत् ।
तं समासाद्य पाञ्चाला भीष्मं नासन्पराङ्मुखाः ॥९६॥

96. ya ekaḥ pāṇḍavīṁ senāṁ śaraughaiḥ samaveṣṭayat ,
taṁ samāsādya pāñcālā bhīṣmaṁ nāsanparāṅmukhāḥ.

96. yaḥ ekaḥ pāṇḍavīm senām śaraughaiḥ samaveṣṭayat
tam samāsādya pāñcālāḥ bhīṣmam na āsan parāṅmukhāḥ

96. pāñcālāḥ tam bhīṣmam samāsādya na āsan parāṅmukhāḥ
yaḥ ekaḥ śaraughaiḥ pāṇḍavīm senām samaveṣṭayat

96. The Panchalas, upon confronting Bhishma – who single-handedly enveloped the Pandava army with torrents of arrows – did not turn away.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to Bhishma) (who, which, that)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - single-handedly (one, alone, single)

• पाण्डवीम् (pāṇḍavīm) - the Pandava (of the Pandavas, related to the Pandavas)

• सेनाम् (senām) - the army (army)

• शरौघैः (śaraughaiḥ) - with torrents of arrows (with volleys of arrows, with masses of arrows)

• समवेष्टयत् (samaveṣṭayat) - enveloped (enveloped, surrounded)

• तम् (tam) - him (Bhishma) (him, that)

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having confronted (having approached, having obtained, having confronted)

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas (the Panchalas (people from Pañcāla country))

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma (Bhishma (proper noun))

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• आसन् (āsan) - were (were, they were)

• पराङ्मुखाः (parāṅmukhāḥ) - turning away (fleeing) (having turned away, fleeing, averse)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to Bhishma) (who, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun

एकः (ekaḥ) - single-handedly (one, alone, single)

(numeral)

Note: Adjectival use

पाण्डवीम् (pāṇḍavīm) - the Pandava (of the Pandavas, related to the Pandavas)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, belonging to the Pandavas

Derived from Pandu

Note: Qualifies senām

सेनाम् (senām) - the army (army)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, forces

Note: Object of samaveṣṭayat

शरौघैः (śaraughaiḥ) - with torrents of arrows (with volleys of arrows, with masses of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaraugha

śaraugha - a shower/multitude of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+ogha)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, torrent, multitude
  noun (masculine)

Note: Means by which the enveloping occurs

समवेष्टयत् (samaveṣṭayat) - enveloped (enveloped, surrounded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of veṣṭ

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: veṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'yaḥ'

तम् (tam) - him (Bhishma) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of samāsādya

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having confronted (having approached, having obtained, having confronted)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive of √sad with sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Gerund/Absolutive

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas (the Panchalas (people from Pañcāla country))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a native of Panchala, the Panchalas (plural)

Note: Subject of the sentence

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma (Bhishma (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru warrior)

Note: Object of samāsādya (along with 'tam')

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation

आसन् (āsan) - were (were, they were)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Verb for pāñcālāḥ

पराङ्मुखाः (parāṅmukhāḥ) - turning away (fleeing) (having turned away, fleeing, averse)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parāṅmukha

parāṅmukha - having the face turned away, averted, hostile, fleeing

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parāñc+mukha)

• parāñc – turned away, averted, backward
  adjective (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective for pāñcālāḥ