महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-51, verse-33

मज्जन्तमप्लवे मन्दमुज्जिहीर्षुः सुयोधनम् ।
तथा चरन्तं समरे तपन्तमिव भास्करम् ।
न शेकुः सृञ्जया द्रष्टुं तथैवान्ये महीक्षितः ॥३३॥

33. majjantamaplave mandamujjihīrṣuḥ suyodhanam ,
tathā carantaṁ samare tapantamiva bhāskaram ,
na śekuḥ sṛñjayā draṣṭuṁ tathaivānye mahīkṣitaḥ.

33. majjantam aplave mandam ujjihīrṣuḥ
suyodhanam tathā carantam samare
tapantam iva bhāskaram na śekuḥ sṛñjayāḥ
draṣṭum tathā eva anye mahīkṣitaḥ

33. ujjihīrṣuḥ majjantam aplave mandam
suyodhanam tathā samare bhāskaram
iva tapantam carantam sṛñjayāḥ tathā
eva anye mahīkṣitaḥ draṣṭum na śekuḥ

33. Desiring to rescue the disheartened Suyodhana, who was drowning in helplessness, and acting thus in battle, blazing like the sun, neither the Srinjayas nor other kings were able to look at him.

Words meanings summery:

• मज्जन्तम् (majjantam) - sinking, drowning

• अप्लवे (aplave) - in helplessness, without a boat/raft, in distress

• मन्दम् (mandam) - the disheartened Suyodhana (weak, disheartened, slow, dejected)

• उज्जिहीर्षुः (ujjihīrṣuḥ) - desiring to lift up, wishing to rescue

• सुयोधनम् (suyodhanam) - Suyodhana (another name for Duryodhana)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, similarly

• चरन्तम् (carantam) - moving, acting, behaving

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• तपन्तम् (tapantam) - scorching, blazing, burning

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• भास्करम् (bhāskaram) - the sun, sun-maker

• न (na) - not, no

• शेकुः (śekuḥ) - were able, could

• सृञ्जयाः (sṛñjayāḥ) - the Srinjayas (a tribe/people)

• द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, to look

• तथा (tathā) - thus, likewise

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, even

• अन्ये (anye) - other, others

• महीक्षितः (mahīkṣitaḥ) - kings, rulers, protectors of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

मज्जन्तम् (majjantam) - sinking, drowning

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of majjat

majj - to sink, dive, drown, be submerged

Present Active Participle

Derived from root majj (class 6).

Root: majj (class 6)

अप्लवे (aplave) - in helplessness, without a boat/raft, in distress

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of aplava

aplava - without a boat/raft, not swimming, helpless

Negative compound a- + plava.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+plava)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• plava – boat, raft, swimming
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root plu 'to float, swim'
  Root: plu

Note: Describes the condition of Suyodhana.

मन्दम् (mandam) - the disheartened Suyodhana (weak, disheartened, slow, dejected)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of manda

manda - slow, dull, weak, dejected, mild

Note: Qualifies suyodhanam.

उज्जिहीर्षुः (ujjihīrṣuḥ) - desiring to lift up, wishing to rescue

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ujjihīrṣu

ujjihīrṣu - desirous of lifting up, wishing to rescue

Desiderative Nomen Agentis

Derived from desiderative stem of ud-hā (to lift up, rescue), with suffix u.

Prefix: ud

Root: hā (class 3)

सुयोधनम् (suyodhanam) - Suyodhana (another name for Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suyodhana

suyodhana - Suyodhana (a name for Duryodhana, meaning 'good fighter' or 'easy to fight' ironically)

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

चरन्तम् (carantam) - moving, acting, behaving

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of carat

car - to move, walk, wander, act, behave

Present Active Participle

Derived from root car (class 1).

Root: car (class 1)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Note: Denotes place/circumstance.

तपन्तम् (tapantam) - scorching, blazing, burning

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tapat

tap - to burn, shine, scorch, afflict

Present Active Participle

Derived from root tap (class 1, 4).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Used with iva to form a simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

भास्करम् (bhāskaram) - the sun, sun-maker

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāskara

bhāskara - sun, sun-maker, producer of light

From bhās (light) and kara (maker).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (bhās+kara)

• bhās – light, splendor, brightness
  noun (feminine)
• kara – maker, doing, causing
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṛ 'to do'.
  Root: kṛ

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शेकुः (śekuḥ) - were able, could

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of śak

Perfect (Lit)

3rd person plural, active voice. Root śak (class 5).

Root: śak (class 5)

सृञ्जयाः (sṛñjayāḥ) - the Srinjayas (a tribe/people)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sṛñjaya

sṛñjaya - Srinjaya (name of an ancient Indian tribe/people allied with the Pandavas)

द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, to look

(infinitive)

तथा (tathā) - thus, likewise

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in conjunction with eva for emphasis.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, even

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - other, others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Co-subject with sṛñjayāḥ.

महीक्षितः (mahīkṣitaḥ) - kings, rulers, protectors of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahīkṣit

mahīkṣit - king, ruler, protector of the earth

From mahī (earth) + kṣit (ruler).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+kṣit)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• kṣit – ruler, dwelling, inhabitant
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṣi 'to rule, dwell'.
  Root: kṣi