महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-49, verse-78

महारथान्नागवरान्हयांश्च पदातिमुख्यानपि च प्रमथ्य ।
एको भीमो धार्तराष्ट्रेषु मग्नः स मामुपालब्धुमरिंदमोऽर्हति ॥७८॥

78. mahārathānnāgavarānhayāṁśca; padātimukhyānapi ca pramathya ,
eko bhīmo dhārtarāṣṭreṣu magnaḥ; sa māmupālabdhumariṁdamo'rhati.

78. mahārathān nāgavarān hayān ca
padātimukhyān api ca pramathya ekaḥ
bhīmaḥ dhārtarāṣṭreṣu magnaḥ
saḥ mām upālabdhum ariṃdamaḥ arhati

78. ekaḥ ariṃdamaḥ bhīmaḥ mahārathān nāgavarān hayān ca padātimukhyān api ca pramathya dhārtarāṣṭreṣu magnaḥ,
saḥ mām upālabdhum arhati

78. Having crushed great charioteers, the finest elephants, horses, and even the foremost foot soldiers, that Bhima, the subduer of enemies, became immersed alone among the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. He truly deserves to censure me.

Words meanings summery:

• महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers, mighty warriors

• नागवरान् (nāgavarān) - best elephants, excellent elephants

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• च (ca) - and

• पदातिमुख्यान् (padātimukhyān) - chief foot soldiers, principal infantry

• अपि (api) - even, also

• च (ca) - and

• प्रमथ्य (pramathya) - having crushed, having overwhelmed

• एकः (ekaḥ) - alone, single

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima (name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

• धार्तराष्ट्रेषु (dhārtarāṣṭreṣu) - among the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas)

• मग्नः (magnaḥ) - immersed, plunged, engulfed

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• माम् (mām) - me

• उपालब्धुम् (upālabdhum) - to blame, to censure, to reproach

• अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes

• अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy, is able

Words meanings and morphology

महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers, mighty warriors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting many enemies

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (often implying one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'pramathya'.

नागवरान् (nāgavarān) - best elephants, excellent elephants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nāgavara

nāgavara - excellent elephant

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nāga+vara)

• nāga – elephant, serpent
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, boon
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Object of 'pramathya'.

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Object of 'pramathya'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

पदातिमुख्यान् (padātimukhyān) - chief foot soldiers, principal infantry

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of padātimukhya

padātimukhya - chief of foot soldiers

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (padāti+mukhya)

• padāti – foot soldier, infantry
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Object of 'pramathya'.

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

प्रमथ्य (pramathya) - having crushed, having overwhelmed

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

formed from prefix 'pra' + root 'math' with suffix 'lyap'

Prefix: pra

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Describes an action preceding 'magnaḥ'.

एकः (ekaḥ) - alone, single

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, alone, single

Note: Refers to Bhima.

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima (name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, dreadful; Bhima

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of the clause 'eko Bhīmo... magnaḥ'.

धार्तराष्ट्रेषु (dhārtarāṣṭreṣu) - among the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Note: Location where Bhima was immersed.

मग्नः (magnaḥ) - immersed, plunged, engulfed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of magna

magna - immersed, plunged, sunk

past passive participle

from root 'maj' (to sink, plunge)

Root: maj (class 6)

Note: Qualifies Bhima.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhima.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Object of 'upālabdhum'.

उपालब्धुम् (upālabdhum) - to blame, to censure, to reproach

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of upālabdhum

infinitive

from prefix 'upa' + 'ā' + root 'labh' with suffix '-tumun'

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose or capability.

अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies

derived from 'ari' (enemy) + 'dam' (to subdue)

Compound type : upapada-samāsa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – taming, subduing
  noun (masculine)
  from root 'dam'
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Bhima.

अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy, is able

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

present indicative

Root: arh (class 1)