महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-49, verse-67

त्वमित्यत्रभवन्तं त्वं ब्रूहि पार्थ युधिष्ठिरम् ।
त्वमित्युक्तो हि निहतो गुरुर्भवति भारत ॥६७॥

67. tvamityatrabhavantaṁ tvaṁ brūhi pārtha yudhiṣṭhiram ,
tvamityukto hi nihato gururbhavati bhārata.

67. tvam iti atrabhavantam tvam brūhi pārtha yudhiṣṭhiram
| tvam iti uktaḥ hi nihataḥ guruḥ bhavati bhārata

67. pārtha bhārata tvam atrabhavantam yudhiṣṭhiram "tvam"
iti brūhi hi "tvam" iti uktaḥ guruḥ nihataḥ bhavati

67. O Pārtha (Arjuna), you must address this venerable Yudhiṣṭhira using the word 'you' (tvam). For indeed, O Bhārata (Arjuna), a revered one (guru) who is addressed with 'you' (tvam) becomes as good as dead.

Words meanings summery:

• त्वम् (tvam) - the word 'tvam' (you (singular))

• इति (iti) - thus, so (marks direct speech or quoted word)

• अत्रभवन्तम् (atrabhavantam) - to this venerable person (Yudhiṣṭhira) (venerable, respectable, His Honor)

• त्वम् (tvam) - (the agent) you, Arjuna (you (singular))

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - address, speak to (say, speak, tell)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O son of Pṛthā (Kuntī))

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• त्वम् (tvam) - the word 'tvam' (you (singular))

• इति (iti) - thus, so (marks direct speech or quoted word)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - one who is addressed (said, spoken, addressed)

• हि (hi) - for indeed (indeed, for, because)

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - as good as killed (killed, destroyed, slain)

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - a venerable or respected person (guru) (teacher, preceptor, respected elder)

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is

• भारत (bhārata) - O Arjuna (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

त्वम् (tvam) - the word 'tvam' (you (singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to the word 'tvam' itself, which is used to address inferiors.

इति (iti) - thus, so (marks direct speech or quoted word)

(indeclinable)

अत्रभवन्तम् (atrabhavantam) - to this venerable person (Yudhiṣṭhira) (venerable, respectable, His Honor)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atrabhavant

atrabhavant - here existing, venerable, His Honor

From atra (here) + bhavat (being, venerable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (atra+bhavat)

• atra – here, in this place
  indeclinable
• bhavat – being, present; a respectful form of address (your honor)
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `yudhiṣṭhiram`.

त्वम् (tvam) - (the agent) you, Arjuna (you (singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of `brūhi`.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - address, speak to (say, speak, tell)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative Mood, 2nd Person Singular

Root: brū (class 2)

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O son of Pṛthā (Kuntī))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a name for Arjuna

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

Note: Object of `brūhi`.

त्वम् (tvam) - the word 'tvam' (you (singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to the word 'tvam' itself.

इति (iti) - thus, so (marks direct speech or quoted word)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - one who is addressed (said, spoken, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told, addressed

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject, `guruḥ`.

हि (hi) - for indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

निहतः (nihataḥ) - as good as killed (killed, destroyed, slain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed, slain

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill) with upasarga ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `guruḥ`.

गुरुः (guruḥ) - a venerable or respected person (guru) (teacher, preceptor, respected elder)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide, respected person

Note: Refers to any highly respected individual.

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - O Arjuna (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, name for Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira etc.

Note: Refers to Arjuna.