महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-49, verse-44

अथ कौशिकमभ्येत्य प्राहुस्तं सत्यवादिनम् ।
कतमेन पथा याता भगवन्बहवो जनाः ।
सत्येन पृष्टः प्रब्रूहि यदि तान्वेत्थ शंस नः ॥४४॥

44. atha kauśikamabhyetya prāhustaṁ satyavādinam ,
katamena pathā yātā bhagavanbahavo janāḥ ,
satyena pṛṣṭaḥ prabrūhi yadi tānvettha śaṁsa naḥ.

44. atha kauśikam abhyetya prāhuḥ tam
satyavādinam katamena pathā yātāḥ
bhagavan bahavaḥ janāḥ satyena pṛṣṭaḥ
prabrūhi yadi tān vettha śaṃsa naḥ

44. atha te kauśikam abhyetya tam
satyavādinam prāhuḥ bhagavan bahavaḥ janāḥ
katamena pathā yātāḥ yadi tān
vettha satyena pṛṣṭaḥ naḥ prabrūhi śaṃsa

44. Then, having approached Kaushika, they said to that truth-speaker: "O revered one (bhagavan), by which path have many people gone? If you know them, being asked truthfully, declare to us and tell us."

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• कौशिकम् (kauśikam) - Kaushika

• अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they said

• तम् (tam) - that (masc. acc. sg.)

• सत्यवादिनम् (satyavādinam) - truth-speaker

• कतमेन (katamena) - by which, by which one (of many)

• पथा (pathā) - by the path, way

• याताः (yātāḥ) - gone, departed

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one, O lord

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

• सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, truthfully

• पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - asked, questioned

• प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - speak forth, declare, tell

• यदि (yadi) - if

• तान् (tān) - them (masc. acc. pl.)

• वेत्थ (vettha) - you know

• शंस (śaṁsa) - declare, tell, speak

• नः (naḥ) - to us, for us

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

कौशिकम् (kauśikam) - Kaushika

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kauśika

kauśika - a descendant of Kuśika; a proper name (Kaushika)

अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'abhi', forming an absolutive

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of brū

Perfect Active

from root 'brū' (to speak); forms of 'āha' are often used as perfect of 'brū'

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

तम् (tam) - that (masc. acc. sg.)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सत्यवादिनम् (satyavādinam) - truth-speaker

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of satyavādin

satyavādin - truth-speaker, truthful; one who speaks the truth

compound of 'satya' (truth) and 'vādin' (speaker)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaker, one who speaks
  noun (masculine)
  from root 'vad' (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

कतमेन (katamena) - by which, by which one (of many)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of katama

katama - which (of many), what

पथा (pathā) - by the path, way

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way

याताः (yātāḥ) - gone, departed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yāta

yāta - gone, departed, walked

Past Passive Participle

from root 'yā' (to go)

Root: yā (class 2)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one, O lord

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - fortunate, glorious, divine; lord, revered one

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

सत्येन (satyena) - by truth, truthfully

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality; true, real

पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - asked, questioned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭa

pṛṣṭa - asked, questioned; sought

Past Passive Participle

from root 'prach' (to ask)

Root: prach (class 6)

प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - speak forth, declare, tell

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative Active

root 'brū' (to speak) with prefix 'pra', 2nd person singular imperative active

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - them (masc. acc. pl.)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वेत्थ (vettha) - you know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vid

Perfect Active

root 'vid' (to know), special perfect formation, 2nd person singular active

Root: vid (class 2)

शंस (śaṁsa) - declare, tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śaṃs

Imperative Active

root 'śaṃs' (to declare), 2nd person singular imperative active

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

नः (naḥ) - to us, for us

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Can be accusative or dative/genitive. Context here implies dative (to us).