महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-49, verse-73

मा त्वं राजन्व्याहर व्याहरत्सु न तिष्ठसे क्रोशमात्रे रणार्धे ।
भीमस्तु मामर्हति गर्हणाय यो युध्यते सर्वयोधप्रवीरः ॥७३॥

73. mā tvaṁ rājanvyāhara vyāharatsu; na tiṣṭhase krośamātre raṇārdhe ,
bhīmastu māmarhati garhaṇāya; yo yudhyate sarvayodhapravīraḥ.

73. mā tvam rājan vyāhara vyāharatsu
na tiṣṭhase krośamātre raṇārdhe
| bhīmaḥ tu mām arhati garhaṇāya
yaḥ yudhyate sarvayodhāpravīraḥ

73. rājan tvam mā vyāhara tvam krośamātre
raṇārdhe vyāharatsu na tiṣṭhase
bhīmaḥ tu mām garhaṇāya arhati
yaḥ sarvayodhāpravīraḥ yudhyate

73. O King, do not speak! For you do not stand among those who are fighting, not even half a krosa into the battle. It is Bhima, who fights as the foremost hero among all warriors, who truly deserves my criticism.

Words meanings summery:

• मा (mā) - not, do not

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• व्याहर (vyāhara) - speak, utter

• व्याहरत्सु (vyāharatsu) - among those who are engaged in the clamor of battle (among those who are speaking/fighting)

• न (na) - not

• तिष्ठसे (tiṣṭhase) - you stand, you remain

• क्रोशमात्रे (krośamātre) - at a distance of a krosa

• रणार्धे (raṇārdhe) - in the thick of battle (in the middle of the battle, in half a battle)

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• माम् (mām) - me

• अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy

• गर्हणाय (garhaṇāya) - for blame, for criticism

• यः (yaḥ) - who (relative pronoun)

• युध्यते (yudhyate) - he fights

• सर्वयोधाप्रवीरः (sarvayodhāpravīraḥ) - the foremost hero among all warriors

Words meanings and morphology

मा (mā) - not, do not

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

व्याहर (vyāhara) - speak, utter

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vyāhṛ

root

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

व्याहरत्सु (vyāharatsu) - among those who are engaged in the clamor of battle (among those who are speaking/fighting)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, plural of vyāharat

vyāharat - speaking, uttering, fighting

Present Active Participle

Derived from root hṛ with prefixes vi and ā

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

तिष्ठसे (tiṣṭhase) - you stand, you remain

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sthā

root

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Ātmanepada form for active verb.

क्रोशमात्रे (krośamātre) - at a distance of a krosa

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of krośamātra

krośamātra - a distance of a krosa (approx. 2.25 miles or 3.6 km)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krośa+mātra)

• krośa – a krosa, a measure of distance
  noun (masculine)
• mātra – measure, extent, only
  noun (neuter)

रणार्धे (raṇārdhe) - in the thick of battle (in the middle of the battle, in half a battle)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇārdha

raṇārdha - half a battle, middle of battle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+ardha)

• raṇa – battle, combat
  noun (masculine)
• ardha – half, middle
  noun (masculine/neuter)

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, formidable; a proper name (one of the Pāṇḍavas)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

root

Root: arh (class 1)

गर्हणाय (garhaṇāya) - for blame, for criticism

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of garhaṇa

garhaṇa - blame, censure, reproach

Root: garh (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Bhima.

युध्यते (yudhyate) - he fights

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of yudh

root

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Ātmanepada form.

सर्वयोधाप्रवीरः (sarvayodhāpravīraḥ) - the foremost hero among all warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvayodhāpravīra

sarvayodhāpravīra - foremost hero of all warriors

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarvayodha+pravīra)

• sarvayodha – all warriors, every warrior
  noun (masculine)
• pravīra – foremost hero, excellent warrior
  noun (masculine)