महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-49, verse-56

एष ते लक्षणोद्देशः समुद्दिष्टो यथाविधि ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वा ब्रूहि पार्थ यदि वध्यो युधिष्ठिरः ॥५६॥

56. eṣa te lakṣaṇoddeśaḥ samuddiṣṭo yathāvidhi ,
etacchrutvā brūhi pārtha yadi vadhyo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

56. eṣaḥ te lakṣaṇoddeśaḥ samuddiṣṭaḥ yathāvidhi etat
śrutvā brūhi pārtha yadi vadhyaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

56. eṣaḥ lakṣaṇoddeśaḥ te yathāvidhi samuddiṣṭaḥ etat śrutvā,
pārtha,
brūhi yadi yudhiṣṭhiraḥ vadhyaḥ

56. This exposition of the rules has been properly declared to you according to proper procedure. Having heard this, tell me, O Pārtha (Arjuna), whether Yudhishthira is worthy of being killed.

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• लक्षणोद्देशः (lakṣaṇoddeśaḥ) - description of rules, exposition of characteristics

• समुद्दिष्टः (samuddiṣṭaḥ) - properly taught, well explained, accurately declared

• यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to rule, in due form, properly

• एतत् (etat) - this

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - speak, tell, say

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O Pārtha, O son of Pṛthā (Arjuna))

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - to be killed, worthy of death, punishable by death

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Dative/genitive singular of yuṣmad.

लक्षणोद्देशः (lakṣaṇoddeśaḥ) - description of rules, exposition of characteristics

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣaṇoddeśa

lakṣaṇoddeśa - description of signs, exposition of rules, statement of characteristics

Sandhi of lakṣaṇa + uddeśa.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (lakṣaṇa+uddeśa)

• lakṣaṇa – sign, characteristic, rule
  noun (neuter)
  Root: lakṣ (class 10)
• uddeśa – statement, specification, exposition
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: diś (class 6)

समुद्दिष्टः (samuddiṣṭaḥ) - properly taught, well explained, accurately declared

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samuddiṣṭa

samuddiṣṭa - properly stated, well pointed out, correctly explained

Past Passive Participle

From sam + ud + diś + kta (PPP suffix).

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: diś (class 6)

यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to rule, in due form, properly

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound or adverbial usage.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+vidhi)

• yathā – as, like, in which way
  indeclinable
• vidhi – rule, ordinance, method
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Nominative/accusative neuter singular of etad.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(verb)

active, absolutive (ktvā) of śru

absolutive / gerund

Absolutive (gerund) of root śru.

Root: śru (class 5)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - speak, tell, say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular, active voice.

Root: brū (class 2)

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O Pārtha, O son of Pṛthā (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna

Patronymic from pṛthā.

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - to be killed, worthy of death, punishable by death

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhya

vadhya - to be killed, worthy of being killed, killable, criminal

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root vadh (to kill, strike) + ya (gerundive suffix).

Root: vadh (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, 'firm in battle')

Compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudh – battle, war
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the clause.