महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-49, verse-66

तन्मानितः पार्थिवोऽयं सदैव त्वया सभीमेन तथा यमाभ्याम् ।
वृद्धैश्च लोके पुरुषप्रवीरैस्तस्यावमानं कलया त्वं प्रयुङ्क्ष्व ॥६६॥

66. tanmānitaḥ pārthivo'yaṁ sadaiva; tvayā sabhīmena tathā yamābhyām ,
vṛddhaiśca loke puruṣapravīrai;stasyāvamānaṁ kalayā tvaṁ prayuṅkṣva.

66. tat mānitaḥ pārthivaḥ ayam sadā eva
tvayā sabhīmena tathā yamābhyām
vṛddhaiḥ ca loke puruṣapravīraiḥ
tasya avamānam kalaya tvam prayuṅkṣva

66. ayam pārthivaḥ tat mānitaḥ sadā eva tvayā sabhīmena tathā yamābhyām ca loke vṛddhaiḥ puruṣapravīraiḥ (mānitaḥ asti).
tvam tasya avamānam kalaya prayuṅkṣva.

66. This king (pārthiva), thus honored (mānita) [as one who takes insult so gravely], is always respected by you, by Bhīma, and by the two Yamas (Nakula and Sahadeva), and also by elders and the chief among men (puruṣapravīra) in the world. Therefore, you must inflict disrespect upon him.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - therefore, on account of that (referring to the previous verse's idea) (that, therefore, on that account)

• मानितः (mānitaḥ) - highly esteemed (honored, respected, esteemed)

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - this king (Yudhiṣṭhira) (earthly, a king, a ruler)

• अयम् (ayam) - this one (Yudhiṣṭhira) (this, he)

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• सभीमेन (sabhīmena) - with Bhīma, accompanied by Bhīma

• तथा (tathā) - and also (thus, so, and, likewise)

• यमाभ्याम् (yamābhyām) - by Nakula and Sahadeva (the twin sons of Yama) (by the two Yamas)

• वृद्धैः (vṛddhaiḥ) - by the wise and venerable elders (by the elders, by the old ones)

• च (ca) - and, also

• लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

• पुरुषप्रवीरैः (puruṣapravīraiḥ) - by the chief among men, by the excellent men

• तस्य (tasya) - upon him, towards him (Yudhiṣṭhira) (his, of that)

• अवमानम् (avamānam) - disrespect, insult, contempt

• कलय (kalaya) - inflict, cause to happen (cause, inflict, perform)

• त्वम् (tvam) - (emphatic) you yourself (Arjuna) (you)

• प्रयुङ्क्ष्व (prayuṅkṣva) - inflict, apply (disrespect) (apply, direct, employ)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - therefore, on account of that (referring to the previous verse's idea) (that, therefore, on that account)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage meaning 'therefore' or 'as such'.

मानितः (mānitaḥ) - highly esteemed (honored, respected, esteemed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānita

mānita - honored, revered, respected, esteemed

Past Passive Participle

From root man (to honor, respect)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `pārthivaḥ ayam`.

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - this king (Yudhiṣṭhira) (earthly, a king, a ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - relating to earth; a king, ruler

Derived from pṛthivī (earth)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

अयम् (ayam) - this one (Yudhiṣṭhira) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with `pārthivaḥ`.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

सभीमेन (sabhīmena) - with Bhīma, accompanied by Bhīma

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sabhīma

sabhīma - with Bhīma

Compound 'sa' (with) + 'Bhīma' (proper noun)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bhīma)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• bhīma – Bhīma (name of a Pāṇḍava)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `tvayā` in sense of 'by you (who are) with Bhīma' or 'by you and Bhīma'. Here it implies an inclusive group.

तथा (tathā) - and also (thus, so, and, likewise)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects elements in a list.

यमाभ्याम् (yamābhyām) - by Nakula and Sahadeva (the twin sons of Yama) (by the two Yamas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of yama

yama - Yama (god of death); twin, a pair (especially Nakula and Sahadeva)

Note: Refers to Nakula and Sahadeva.

वृद्धैः (vṛddhaiḥ) - by the wise and venerable elders (by the elders, by the old ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, venerable, wise, grown

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛdh (to grow)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Often used as a noun meaning 'elders'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Placed after the word it connects.

लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, universe

पुरुषप्रवीरैः (puruṣapravīraiḥ) - by the chief among men, by the excellent men

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of puruṣapravīra

puruṣapravīra - chief among men, excellent man, hero

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+pravīra)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• pravīra – chief, excellent, hero, brave
  adjective (masculine)

तस्य (tasya) - upon him, towards him (Yudhiṣṭhira) (his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

अवमानम् (avamānam) - disrespect, insult, contempt

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avamāna

avamāna - disrespect, insult, contempt, humiliation

From root man (to think) with upasarga ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of the verbs `kalaya` and `prayuṅkṣva`.

कलय (kalaya) - inflict, cause to happen (cause, inflict, perform)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kalaya

Imperative Mood, 2nd Person Singular

Causative from root kal (or from a denominative verb based on kalā)

Root: kal (class 10)

त्वम् (tvam) - (emphatic) you yourself (Arjuna) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of the imperative verbs `kalaya` and `prayuṅkṣva`.

प्रयुङ्क्ष्व (prayuṅkṣva) - inflict, apply (disrespect) (apply, direct, employ)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of yuj

Imperative Mood, 2nd Person Singular, Middle Voice

From root yuj with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Reinforces the action of inflicting disrespect.