महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-49, verse-11

तस्मादेनं वधिष्यामि राजानं धर्मभीरुकम् ।
प्रतिज्ञां पालयिष्यामि हत्वेमं नरसत्तमम् ।
एतदर्थं मया खड्गो गृहीतो यदुनन्दन ॥११॥

11. tasmādenaṁ vadhiṣyāmi rājānaṁ dharmabhīrukam ,
pratijñāṁ pālayiṣyāmi hatvemaṁ narasattamam ,
etadarthaṁ mayā khaḍgo gṛhīto yadunandana.

11. tasmāt enam vadhiṣyāmi rājānam
dharmabhīrukam pratijñām pālayiṣyāmi
hatvā imam narasattamam etadartham
mayā khaḍgaḥ gṛhītaḥ yadunandana

11. tasmāt aham enam dharmabhīrukam
rājānam vadhiṣyāmi imam narasattamam
hatvā pratijñām pālayiṣyāmi yadunandana
etadartham mayā khaḍgaḥ gṛhītaḥ

11. Therefore, I will kill this king, who is afraid of (natural law) dharma. I will fulfill my vow by slaying this best of men. For this very purpose, O delight of the Yadus (Krishna), this sword has been taken up by me.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• एनम् (enam) - this (Yudhiṣṭhira) (him, this one)

• वधिष्यामि (vadhiṣyāmi) - I will kill, I shall strike

• राजानम् (rājānam) - this king (Yudhiṣṭhira) (king)

• धर्मभीरुकम् (dharmabhīrukam) - one who is afraid of dharma, timid about natural law

• प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - vow, promise, assertion

• पालयिष्यामि (pālayiṣyāmi) - I will fulfill (my vow) (I will protect, I will fulfill)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, by killing

• इमम् (imam) - this (Yudhiṣṭhira) (this, him)

• नरसत्तमम् (narasattamam) - the best of men

• एतदर्थम् (etadartham) - for this purpose, for this reason

• मया (mayā) - by me

• खड्गः (khaḍgaḥ) - sword

• गृहीतः (gṛhītaḥ) - taken up (by me) (taken, grasped, seized)

• यदुनन्दन (yadunandana) - O Krishna (O delight of the Yadus)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use of ablative singular of `tad`.

एनम् (enam) - this (Yudhiṣṭhira) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

वधिष्यामि (vadhiṣyāmi) - I will kill, I shall strike

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of han

Future Tense

1st Person Singular, Parasmaipada, from root `han` (irregular `vadhiṣyāmi`)

Root: han (class 2)

राजानम् (rājānam) - this king (Yudhiṣṭhira) (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

धर्मभीरुकम् (dharmabhīrukam) - one who is afraid of dharma, timid about natural law

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmabhīruka

dharmabhīruka - timid in doing one's duty, fearing (natural law) dharma, scrupulous

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+bhīruka)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  From root `dhṛ`.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• bhīruka – timid, fearful
  adjective (masculine)
  From `bhīru` + suffix `ka`. From root `bhī`.
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Modifies `rājānam`.

प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - vow, promise, assertion

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - promise, vow, agreement, assertion

From `prati` + root `jñā`.

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to the secret vow mentioned in verse 80781.

पालयिष्यामि (pālayiṣyāmi) - I will fulfill (my vow) (I will protect, I will fulfill)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pāl

Future Tense

1st Person Singular, Parasmaipada, from root `pāl` (denom. from `pāla`). Often treated as 10th class.

Root: pāl (class 10)

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, by killing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root `han` (irregular `hatvā`)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Shows the action preceding `pālayiṣyāmi`.

इमम् (imam) - this (Yudhiṣṭhira) (this, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

नरसत्तमम् (narasattamam) - the best of men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narasattama

narasattama - best of men, foremost among men

Tatpuruṣa compound `nara` (man) + `sattama` (best). `sattama` is superlative of `sat`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+sattama)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form (suffix `tamaP`) of `sat` (good, existing).
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Modifies `imam`.

एतदर्थम् (etadartham) - for this purpose, for this reason

(indeclinable)

Tatpuruṣa compound `etad` (this) + `artha` (purpose). Used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (etad+artha)

• etad – this
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  From root `ṛ`.
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Functions as an adverb of purpose.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Note: Agent in passive construction (`khaḍgaḥ gṛhītaḥ mayā`).

खड्गः (khaḍgaḥ) - sword

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword, scimitar

Root: khaṇḍ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb `gṛhītaḥ`.

गृहीतः (gṛhītaḥ) - taken up (by me) (taken, grasped, seized)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of grah

grah - to seize, grasp, take, receive

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `grah` (irregular `gṛhīta`)

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective for `khaḍgaḥ`.

यदुनन्दन (yadunandana) - O Krishna (O delight of the Yadus)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yadunandana

yadunandana - delight of the Yadu dynasty; an epithet of Krishna.

Tatpuruṣa compound `yadu` (name of a dynasty) + `nandana` (delight, son).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yadu+nandana)

• yadu – Yadu (ancestor of a lunar dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – gladdening, delight, son
  noun (masculine)
  From root `nand` (to rejoice).
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Refers to Krishna.