महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-49, verse-25

इदं धर्मरहस्यं च वक्ष्यामि भरतर्षभ ।
यद्ब्रूयात्तव भीष्मो वा धर्मज्ञो वा युधिष्ठिरः ॥२५॥

25. idaṁ dharmarahasyaṁ ca vakṣyāmi bharatarṣabha ,
yadbrūyāttava bhīṣmo vā dharmajño vā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

25. idam dharma-rahasyam ca vakṣyāmi bharatarṣabha yat
brūyāt tava bhīṣmaḥ vā dharma-jñaḥ vā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

25. bharatarṣabha idam dharma-rahasyam ca vakṣyāmi yat
bhīṣmaḥ vā dharma-jñaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ vā tava brūyāt

25. O best among the Bharatas (bharatarṣabha), I will now explain to you this profound secret of natural law (dharma), which Bhishma would teach you, or which Yudhishthira, who is a knower of natural law (dharma), would articulate.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this, this one

• धर्म-रहस्यम् (dharma-rahasyam) - secret of dharma, mystery of natural law

• च (ca) - and, also

• वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will say, I will speak, I will tell

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Arjuna, descendant of Bharata (O best of Bharatas)

• यत् (yat) - which, what, that

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - would say, might say, should say

• तव (tava) - your, to you

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The grand-uncle of the Pandavas and Kauravas, a revered warrior and sage. (Bhishma)

• वा (vā) - or

• धर्म-ज्ञः (dharma-jñaḥ) - knower of dharma, acquainted with natural law

• वा (vā) - or

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest of the Pandava brothers, known for his adherence to dharma. (Yudhishthira)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

धर्म-रहस्यम् (dharma-rahasyam) - secret of dharma, mystery of natural law

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dharma-rahasya

dharma-rahasya - secret of dharma, mystery of natural law/constitution

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rahasya)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rahasya – secret, mystery
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'rahas' (solitude, secrecy)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will say, I will speak, I will tell

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (luṭ) of vac

Future Tense

Derived from root vac, future stem vakṣyā-

Root: vac (class 2)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Arjuna, descendant of Bharata (O best of Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharata-ṛṣabha

bharata-ṛṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull among Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, name of an ancient king, name of a tribe
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

यत् (yat) - which, what, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Refers to the 'dharma-rahasyam'.

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - would say, might say, should say

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of brū

Optative Mood

Derived from root brū, optative third person singular

Root: brū (class 2)

तव (tava) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural or singular, formal)

Note: Possessive pronoun referring to Arjuna.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The grand-uncle of the Pandavas and Kauravas, a revered warrior and sage. (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a character in the Mahabharata)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

धर्म-ज्ञः (dharma-jñaḥ) - knower of dharma, acquainted with natural law

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma-jña

dharma-jña - knower of dharma, understanding natural law

Compound formed from dharma and jña (from jñā 'to know').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun derived from root jñā 'to know'.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Often used as a substantive meaning 'a knower of dharma'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest of the Pandava brothers, known for his adherence to dharma. (Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (name of a character in the Mahabharata, meaning 'steady in battle')

Compound: yudhi (locative of yudh 'battle') + sthira ('steady').

Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – steady, firm, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sthā 'to stand'.
  Root: sthā (class 1)