महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-49, verse-4

अपयातोऽसि कौन्तेय राजा द्रष्टव्य इत्यपि ।
स राजा भवता दृष्टः कुशली च युधिष्ठिरः ॥४॥

4. apayāto'si kaunteya rājā draṣṭavya ityapi ,
sa rājā bhavatā dṛṣṭaḥ kuśalī ca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

4. apayātaḥ asi kaunteya rājā draṣṭavyaḥ iti api
saḥ rājā bhavatā dṛṣṭaḥ kuśalī ca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

4. kaunteya api 'rājā draṣṭavyaḥ' iti (bhāvanayā) apayātaḥ asi
saḥ rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ca bhavatā dṛṣṭaḥ (saḥ) kuśalī (asti)

4. O Kaunteya, you have already departed from battle with the thought, 'the king must be seen.' That king, Yudhiṣṭhira, has now been seen by you, and he is well.

Words meanings summery:

• अपयातः (apayātaḥ) - Arjuna, having left the battlefield (departed, gone away)

• असि (asi) - you are

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - Arjuna, addressed by Kṛṣṇa (O Kaunteya (Arjuna))

• राजा (rājā) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

• द्रष्टव्यः (draṣṭavyaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who Arjuna believed he needed to see (to be seen, must be seen)

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

• अपि (api) - here to mean 'with the thought that' or 'on account of' (also, even, too)

• सः (saḥ) - referring to King Yudhiṣṭhira (that, he)

• राजा (rājā) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you, Arjuna (polite address) (by you)

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira has been seen by Arjuna (seen, beheld)

• कुशली (kuśalī) - Yudhiṣṭhira is in good health (well, healthy, proficient)

• च (ca) - and

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

Words meanings and morphology

अपयातः (apayātaḥ) - Arjuna, having left the battlefield (departed, gone away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apayāta

apayāta - departed, gone away, retreated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yā (to go) with prefix apa and past passive participle suffix -ta.

Prefix: apa

Root: yā (class 2)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - Arjuna, addressed by Kṛṣṇa (O Kaunteya (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī

राजा (rājā) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

द्रष्टव्यः (draṣṭavyaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who Arjuna believed he needed to see (to be seen, must be seen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭavya

draṣṭavya - to be seen, visible, proper to be seen

Gerundive (Nomen Agentis)

Derived from root dṛś (to see) with gerundive suffix -tavya.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - here to mean 'with the thought that' or 'on account of' (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - referring to King Yudhiṣṭhira (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

राजा (rājā) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

भवता (bhavatā) - by you, Arjuna (polite address) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (polite form), your honor

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira has been seen by Arjuna (seen, beheld)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, beheld, observed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dṛś (to see) with past passive participle suffix -ta.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कुशली (kuśalī) - Yudhiṣṭhira is in good health (well, healthy, proficient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśalin

kuśalin - well, healthy, skilful, prosperous

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (a proper name)

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