महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-49, verse-16

अनुसृत्य तु ये धर्मं कवयः समुपस्थिताः ।
समासविस्तरविदां न तेषां वेत्थ निश्चयम् ॥१६॥

16. anusṛtya tu ye dharmaṁ kavayaḥ samupasthitāḥ ,
samāsavistaravidāṁ na teṣāṁ vettha niścayam.

16. anusṛtya tu ye dharmam kavayaḥ samupasthitāḥ
| samāsavistaravidām na teṣām vettha niścayam

16. tu ye kavayaḥ dharmam anusṛtya samupasthitāḥ
samāsavistaravidām na teṣām vettha niścayam

16. But you do not know the definite conclusion of those sages who, following natural law (dharma), have thoroughly understood, and who are experts in both conciseness and expansion.

Words meanings summery:

• अनुसृत्य (anusṛtya) - having followed, following

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• ये (ye) - who, which

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma), duty, righteousness

• कवयः (kavayaḥ) - sages, poets, wise ones

• समुपस्थिताः (samupasthitāḥ) - who have thoroughly understood (natural law) (approached, stood near, thoroughly understood)

• समासविस्तरविदाम् (samāsavistaravidām) - of those who know conciseness and expansion

• न (na) - not, no

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• वेत्थ (vettha) - you know

• निश्चयम् (niścayam) - definite conclusion, certainty, resolution

Words meanings and morphology

अनुसृत्य (anusṛtya) - having followed, following

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From anu-sṛ (to follow, conform to).

Prefix: anu

Root: sṛ (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma), duty, righteousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

कवयः (kavayaḥ) - sages, poets, wise ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kavi

kavi - poet, sage, wise man, seer

समुपस्थिताः (samupasthitāḥ) - who have thoroughly understood (natural law) (approached, stood near, thoroughly understood)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samupasthita

samupasthita - approached, stood near, arrived, present, ready, fully acquainted with

Past Passive Participle

From sam-upa-sthā (to come near, attend, be present).

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

समासविस्तरविदाम् (samāsavistaravidām) - of those who know conciseness and expansion

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of samāsavistaravid

samāsavistaravid - one who understands conciseness and expansion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (samāsa+vistara+vid)

• samāsa – collection, conciseness, compound
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: as (class 2)
• vistara – extension, expansion, detail, minuteness
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: stṛ (class 5)
• vid – knowing, knower, wise
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वेत्थ (vettha) - you know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (perfect form) (liṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

निश्चयम् (niścayam) - definite conclusion, certainty, resolution

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - firm resolve, certainty, conviction, definite conclusion

Prefix: nis

Root: ci (class 5)