महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-94

नदन्ति परुषं श्येनाः शिवाः क्रोशन्ति दारुणाः ।
मृगेन्द्राः प्रतिनन्दन्ति रविरस्तं च गच्छति ॥९४॥

94. nadanti paruṣaṁ śyenāḥ śivāḥ krośanti dāruṇāḥ ,
mṛgendrāḥ pratinandanti ravirastaṁ ca gacchati.

94. nadanti paruṣam śyenāḥ śivāḥ krośanti dāruṇāḥ
mṛgendrāḥ pratinandanti raviḥ astam ca gacchati

94. śyenāḥ paruṣam nadanti dāruṇāḥ śivāḥ krośanti
mṛgendrāḥ pratinandanti ca raviḥ astam gacchati

94. Eagles cry out harshly, and fierce jackals howl. Lions roar in response, and the sun is setting.

Words meanings summery:

• नदन्ति (nadanti) - they cry, they roar, they sound

• परुषम् (paruṣam) - harshly, cruelly, roughly

• श्येनाः (śyenāḥ) - eagles, hawks

• शिवाः (śivāḥ) - jackals (often associated with ill omens) (jackals, auspicious ones)

• क्रोशन्ति (krośanti) - they cry out, they howl, they shriek

• दारुणाः (dāruṇāḥ) - fierce, terrible, cruel

• मृगेन्द्राः (mṛgendrāḥ) - lions, kings of beasts

• प्रतिनन्दन्ति (pratinandanti) - they roar in response (they rejoice in return, they welcome, they greet, they echo)

• रविः (raviḥ) - the sun

• अस्तम् (astam) - setting (used with 'gacchati' for the sun) (setting, disappearance, west)

• च (ca) - and, also

• गच्छति (gacchati) - it is setting (of the sun) (he goes, it goes, it is setting)

Words meanings and morphology

नदन्ति (nadanti) - they cry, they roar, they sound

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of nad

Present Active Indicative

Third person plural of verb 'nad' (to sound)

Root: nad (class 1)

परुषम् (paruṣam) - harshly, cruelly, roughly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

श्येनाः (śyenāḥ) - eagles, hawks

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śyena

śyena - eagle, hawk

शिवाः (śivāḥ) - jackals (often associated with ill omens) (jackals, auspicious ones)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śivā

śivā - jackal (lit. the auspicious one, often used ironically); also refers to goddesses (e.g. Pārvatī)

क्रोशन्ति (krośanti) - they cry out, they howl, they shriek

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kruś

Present Active Indicative

Third person plural of verb 'kruś' (to cry out)

Root: kruś (class 1)

दारुणाः (dāruṇāḥ) - fierce, terrible, cruel

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - terrible, dreadful, fierce, cruel

Note: Agrees with 'śivāḥ' (jackals).

मृगेन्द्राः (mṛgendrāḥ) - lions, kings of beasts

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛgendra

mṛgendra - lion (king of beasts)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛga+indra)

• mṛga – animal, beast, deer
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best
  noun (masculine)

प्रतिनन्दन्ति (pratinandanti) - they roar in response (they rejoice in return, they welcome, they greet, they echo)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of pratinand

Present Active Indicative

Third person plural of verb 'pratinand' (to echo or respond)

Prefix: prati

Root: nand (class 1)

रविः (raviḥ) - the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ravi

ravi - sun

अस्तम् (astam) - setting (used with 'gacchati' for the sun) (setting, disappearance, west)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - setting, disappearance, west, home

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

गच्छति (gacchati) - it is setting (of the sun) (he goes, it goes, it is setting)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of gam

Present Active Indicative

Third person singular of verb 'gam' (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used with 'astam' to mean 'to set' (of the sun).