महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-51

मृता गर्भेषु जायन्ते म्रियन्ते जातमात्रकाः ।
विक्रमन्तो म्रियन्ते च यौवनस्थास्तथापरे ॥५१॥

51. mṛtā garbheṣu jāyante mriyante jātamātrakāḥ ,
vikramanto mriyante ca yauvanasthāstathāpare.

51. mṛtāḥ garbheṣu jāyante mriyante jātamātrakāḥ
vikramantaḥ mriyante ca yauvanasthāḥ tathā apare

51. mṛtāḥ garbheṣu jāyante.
jātamātrakāḥ mriyante.
ca apare vikramantaḥ tathā yauvanasthāḥ mriyante.

51. Those who have died are reborn in wombs. Some die immediately upon birth, while others, vigorous and still in their youth, also die.

Words meanings summery:

• मृताः (mṛtāḥ) - those who have died (and are now reborn) (dead ones, deceased)

• गर्भेषु (garbheṣu) - in mothers' wombs (in wombs, in embryos, in the interior)

• जायन्ते (jāyante) - they are born, they arise

• म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die

• जातमात्रकाः (jātamātrakāḥ) - infants who die immediately after birth (those who are merely born, as soon as born)

• विक्रमन्तः (vikramantaḥ) - those who are vigorous and active in life (striving, being valorous, active)

• म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die

• च (ca) - and, also

• यौवनस्थाः (yauvanasthāḥ) - those who are in their youth (those standing in youth, young people)

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, similarly

• अपरे (apare) - others, other ones

Words meanings and morphology

मृताः (mṛtāḥ) - those who have died (and are now reborn) (dead ones, deceased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, died

Past Passive Participle

From root 'mṛ' (to die), past passive participle.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Here functions as a substantive, referring to 'the dead'.

गर्भेषु (garbheṣu) - in mothers' wombs (in wombs, in embryos, in the interior)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of garbha

garbha - womb, embryo, interior, fetus

जायन्ते (jāyante) - they are born, they arise

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Present Middle

From root 'jan' (to be born), present tense, third person plural middle voice (often used with passive sense for intransitive verbs)

Root: jan (class 4)

म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of mṛ

Present Middle

From root 'mṛ' (to die), present tense, third person plural middle voice.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

जातमात्रकाः (jātamātrakāḥ) - infants who die immediately after birth (those who are merely born, as soon as born)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jātamātraka

jātamātraka - merely born, just born

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jāta+mātra)

• jāta – born
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'jan'
  Root: jan (class 4)
• mātra – only, mere, just
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Functions as a substantive.

विक्रमन्तः (vikramantaḥ) - those who are vigorous and active in life (striving, being valorous, active)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vikramat

vikramat - striding, valorous, active, powerful

Present Active Participle

From root 'kram' (to step) with upasarga 'vi'. Present active participle.

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Refers to a group of people who are active and strong.

म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of mṛ

Present Middle

From root 'mṛ' (to die), present tense, third person plural middle voice.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यौवनस्थाः (yauvanasthāḥ) - those who are in their youth (those standing in youth, young people)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yauvanastha

yauvanastha - standing in youth, being in the prime of youth

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (yauvana+stha)

• yauvana – youth, prime of life
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as a substantive.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, similarly

(indeclinable)

अपरे (apare) - others, other ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, subsequent, inferior

Note: Refers to other groups of people besides 'jātamātrakāḥ'.