महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-12

ततो गृध्रवचः श्रुत्वा विक्रोशन्तस्तदा नृप ।
बान्धवास्तेऽभ्यगच्छन्त पुत्रमुत्सृज्य भूतले ॥१२॥

12. tato gṛdhravacaḥ śrutvā vikrośantastadā nṛpa ,
bāndhavāste'bhyagacchanta putramutsṛjya bhūtale.

12. tataḥ gṛdhravacaḥ śrutvā vikrośantaḥ tadā nṛpa
bāndhavāḥ te abhyagacchan putram utsṛjya bhūtale

12. tataḥ nṛpa gṛdhravacaḥ śrutvā vikrośantaḥ tadā
te bāndhavāḥ putram bhūtale utsṛjya abhyagacchan

12. Then, O king, having heard the vulture's words, those relatives, wailing, went away, abandoning the son on the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, thereafter)

• गृध्रवचः (gṛdhravacaḥ) - the vulture's words, the word of the vulture

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• विक्रोशन्तः (vikrośantaḥ) - wailing, crying out

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

• बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

• ते (te) - those (relatives) (they, those)

• अभ्यगच्छन् (abhyagacchan) - they went away (they went towards, they approached, they went away)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having left, having thrown away

• भूतले (bhūtale) - on the ground, on the earth

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

गृध्रवचः (gṛdhravacaḥ) - the vulture's words, the word of the vulture

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gṛdhravacas

gṛdhravacas - the vulture's words

Compound: gṛdhra (vulture) + vacas (word, speech).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (gṛdhra+vacas)

• gṛdhra – vulture, greedy
  noun (masculine)
• vacas – word, speech, saying
  noun (neuter)
  Root vac (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Root śru (to hear) + tvā pratyaya.

Root: śru (class 5)

विक्रोशन्तः (vikrośantaḥ) - wailing, crying out

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vikrośant

vikrośant - wailing, crying aloud, lamenting

Present Active Participle

Root kruś (to cry out) with prefix vi, + śatṛ pratyaya.

Prefix: vi

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Modifies bāndhavāḥ.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men

Compound: nṛ (man) + pa (protector, drinker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, men
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian, drinker
  noun (masculine)
  Root pā (to protect, drink).
  Root: pā (class 2)

बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāndhava

bāndhava - relative, kinsman, friend

Root: bandh

ते (te) - those (relatives) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to bāndhavāḥ.

अभ्यगच्छन् (abhyagacchan) - they went away (they went towards, they approached, they went away)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhigam

Imperfect active

Root gam (to go) with prefix abhi, 3rd person plural imperfect.

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child, descendant

Note: Object of utsṛjya.

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having left, having thrown away

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Root sṛj (to create, emit) with prefix ut, and -ya suffix for absolutives with prefixes.

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

भूतले (bhūtale) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhūtala

bhūtala - ground, earth's surface

Compound: bhū (earth) + tala (surface).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+tala)

• bhū – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plain, palm of hand, sole of foot
  noun (masculine)