महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-22

मानुषाणां कुतः स्नेहो येषां शोको भविष्यति ।
इमं कुलकरं पुत्रं कथं त्यक्त्वा गमिष्यथ ॥२२॥

22. mānuṣāṇāṁ kutaḥ sneho yeṣāṁ śoko bhaviṣyati ,
imaṁ kulakaraṁ putraṁ kathaṁ tyaktvā gamiṣyatha.

22. mānuṣāṇām kutaḥ snehaḥ yeṣām śokaḥ bhaviṣyati
imam kulakaram putram katham tyaktvā gamiṣyatha

22. mānuṣāṇām yeṣām śokaḥ bhaviṣyati kutaḥ snehaḥ
imam kulakaram putram tyaktvā katham gamiṣyatha

22. How can there be affection among humans, when sorrow is destined for them? How will you depart, abandoning this son who is the perpetuator of your family (kula)?

Words meanings summery:

• मानुषाणाम् (mānuṣāṇām) - of humans, among humans, of men

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, whence, why

• स्नेहः (snehaḥ) - affection, love, tenderness

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, for whom, of whom

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief, lamentation

• भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be, will happen, will exist

• इमम् (imam) - this

• कुलकरम् (kulakaram) - family-maker, perpetuator of the lineage, one who brings prosperity to the family

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having left, having given up

• गमिष्यथ (gamiṣyatha) - you (plural) will go, you will depart

Words meanings and morphology

मानुषाणाम् (mānuṣāṇām) - of humans, among humans, of men

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, man, relating to humans

Derived from manu (Manu) + aṇ (taddhita suffix)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, whence, why

(indeclinable)

Derived from the interrogative pronoun kim

स्नेहः (snehaḥ) - affection, love, tenderness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sneha

sneha - affection, love, tenderness, oil, unctuousness

From √snih (to be unctuous, to be affectionate)

Root: snih (class 4)

येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, for whom, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief, lamentation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation, anguish

From √śuc (to grieve, lament)

Root: śuc (class 1)

भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be, will happen, will exist

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future tense

From √bhū, future stem bhaviṣya-

Root: bhū (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'putram'.

कुलकरम् (kulakaram) - family-maker, perpetuator of the lineage, one who brings prosperity to the family

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kulakara

kulakara - one who brings prosperity to the family, perpetuator of the family, family-maker

Compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (kula+kara)

• kula – family, lineage, race, house
  noun (neuter)
• kara – maker, doer, hand, ray
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From √kṛ (to do, make) + a (suffix)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Adjective modifying 'putram'.

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of 'tyaktvā'.

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having left, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From √tyaj (to abandon) + -tvā (absolutive suffix)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

गमिष्यथ (gamiṣyatha) - you (plural) will go, you will depart

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam

Future tense

From √gam (to go), future stem gamiṣya-

Root: gam (class 1)