महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-77

मातरं पितरं चैव बान्धवान्सुहृदस्तथा ।
जीवतो ये न पश्यन्ति तेषां धर्मविपर्ययः ॥७७॥

77. mātaraṁ pitaraṁ caiva bāndhavānsuhṛdastathā ,
jīvato ye na paśyanti teṣāṁ dharmaviparyayaḥ.

77. mātaraṃ pitaraṃ ca eva bāndhavān suhṛdaḥ tathā
jīvataḥ ye na paśyanti teṣāṃ dharmaviparyayaḥ

77. ye jīvataḥ mātaraṃ pitaraṃ ca eva bāndhavān
suhṛdaḥ tathā na paśyanti teṣāṃ dharmaviparyayaḥ

77. For those who do not care for their living mother, father, relatives, and friends, there is a perversion of their natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• मातरं (mātaraṁ) - mother

• पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, also

• बान्धवान् (bāndhavān) - relatives, kinsmen

• सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends, well-wishers

• तथा (tathā) - and, likewise, thus

• जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - living (ones), alive

• ये (ye) - who (plural)

• न (na) - not, no

• पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they see, they look, they regard, they care for

• तेषां (teṣāṁ) - for them, of them

• धर्मविपर्ययः (dharmaviparyayaḥ) - perversion of duty, reversal of natural law (dharma)

Words meanings and morphology

मातरं (mātaraṁ) - mother

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

बान्धवान् (bāndhavān) - relatives, kinsmen

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāndhava

bāndhava - relative, kinsman, friend

Root: bandh (class 1)

सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends, well-wishers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, good-hearted

Prefix: su

Root: hṛd

Note: d-stem noun.

तथा (tathā) - and, likewise, thus

(indeclinable)

Note: Often connects similar items in a list.

जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - living (ones), alive

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive, existing

present active participle

Accusative plural masculine. Participle of jīv.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: From root jīv (to live).

ये (ye) - who (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Corresponds to teṣāṃ.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they see, they look, they regard, they care for

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

present

3rd person plural, active voice (parasmaipada).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Stem paśya- for present tense of √dṛś.

तेषां (teṣāṁ) - for them, of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Genitive plural, masculine/neuter. Refers to 'those who' (ye).

धर्मविपर्ययः (dharmaviparyayaḥ) - perversion of duty, reversal of natural law (dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmaviparyaya

dharmaviparyaya - perversion of duty/religion, reversal of righteousness, contrary (dharma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+viparyaya)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• viparyaya – inversion, reversal, contrary, perversion, mistake
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-pari-i (to go, to move).
  Prefixes: vi+pari
  Root: i (class 2)