महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-79

भीष्म उवाच ।
इत्युक्तास्तं सुतं त्यक्त्वा भूमौ शोकपरिप्लुताः ।
दह्यमानाः सुतस्नेहात्प्रययुर्बान्धवा गृहान् ॥७९॥

79. bhīṣma uvāca ,
ityuktāstaṁ sutaṁ tyaktvā bhūmau śokapariplutāḥ ,
dahyamānāḥ sutasnehātprayayurbāndhavā gṛhān.

79. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca iti uktāḥ tam sutam tyaktvā bhūmau
śokapariplutāḥ dahyamānāḥ sutasnehāt prayayuḥ bāndhavāḥ gṛhān

79. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca iti uktāḥ bāndhavāḥ śokapariplutāḥ sutasnehāt
dahyamānāḥ tam sutam bhūmau tyaktvā gṛhān prayayuḥ

79. Bhishma said: Thus addressed, the relatives, overwhelmed by grief and burning with affection for their son, left him on the ground and returned to their homes.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

• उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - spoken to, addressed

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• सुतम् (sutam) - son

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having left

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• शोकपरिप्लुताः (śokapariplutāḥ) - overwhelmed by grief, immersed in sorrow

• दह्यमानाः (dahyamānāḥ) - being tormented, being burnt (by emotion)

• सुतस्नेहात् (sutasnehāt) - due to affection for the son, from son's love

• प्रययुः (prayayuḥ) - they went, they departed

• बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

• गृहान् (gṛhān) - to their houses, homes

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Indicative, Parasmaipada

From root vac, class 2, irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks direct speech or refers to a preceding statement.

उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - spoken to, addressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed

Past Passive Participle

From root vac, class 2.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'bāndhavāḥ' (relatives).

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, refers to the son.

सुतम् (sutam) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

From root sū (to bear, to produce).

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Object of 'tyaktvā'.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having left

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root tyaj, class 1, with suffix -tvā.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

शोकपरिप्लुताः (śokapariplutāḥ) - overwhelmed by grief, immersed in sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śokaparipluta

śokaparipluta - overwhelmed by grief, submerged in sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+paripluta)

• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc (to grieve).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• paripluta – overflowing, overwhelmed, immersed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pari + plu (to float, to swim).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bāndhavāḥ'.

दह्यमानाः (dahyamānāḥ) - being tormented, being burnt (by emotion)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dahyamāna

dahyamāna - being burnt, being consumed, being tormented

Present Passive Participle

From root dah, class 1, with suffix -māna.

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bāndhavāḥ'.

सुतस्नेहात् (sutasnehāt) - due to affection for the son, from son's love

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sutasneha

sutasneha - affection for a son, love for a child

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (suta+sneha)

• suta – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  From root sū (to bear, to produce).
  Root: sū (class 2)
• sneha – affection, love, tenderness
  noun (masculine)
  From root snih (to be affectionate).
  Root: snih (class 4)

Note: Indicates cause.

प्रययुः (prayayuḥ) - they went, they departed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pra-i

Perfect Indicative, Parasmaipada

From root i, class 2, with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāndhava

bāndhava - relative, kinsman, friend

From bandhu (relative).

Note: Subject of the sentence.

गृहान् (gṛhān) - to their houses, homes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

Note: Indicates destination.