महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-49

अथ वास्तं गते सूर्ये संध्याकाल उपस्थिते ।
ततो नेष्यथ वा पुत्रमिहस्था वा भविष्यथ ॥४९॥

49. atha vāstaṁ gate sūrye saṁdhyākāla upasthite ,
tato neṣyatha vā putramihasthā vā bhaviṣyatha.

49. atha vā astam gate sūrye sandhyākāle upasthite
tataḥ neṣyatha vā putram iha-sthāḥ vā bhaviṣyatha

49. atha vā sūrye astam gate sandhyākāle upasthite.
tataḥ vā putram neṣyatha vā iha-sthāḥ bhaviṣyatha.

49. Otherwise, when the sun has set and evening (sandhyākāla) has arrived, will you then take your son (with you), or will you (just) remain here (in the forest)?

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now, then, moreover, or else

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• अस्तम् (astam) - to the setting (of the sun) (setting, disappearance, home, end)

• गते (gate) - when the sun has set (having gone, set, arrived)

• सूर्ये (sūrye) - when the sun (is) (in the sun, when the sun)

• सन्ध्याकाले (sandhyākāle) - at evening time, at dusk

• उपस्थिते (upasthite) - when evening time has arrived (having approached, being present, arrived)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from that

• नेष्यथ (neṣyatha) - you will take (your son with you) (you (pl.) will lead, you (pl.) will take, you (pl.) will carry)

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son, child

• इह-स्थाः (iha-sthāḥ) - remaining in the forest (staying here, being in this place)

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• भविष्यथ (bhaviṣyatha) - you (pl.) will be, you (pl.) will become

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now, then, moreover, or else

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

अस्तम् (astam) - to the setting (of the sun) (setting, disappearance, home, end)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asta

asta - setting, disappearance, home, end

Accusative singular, used adverbially.

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'to set'.

गते (gate) - when the sun has set (having gone, set, arrived)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, departed

Past Passive Participle

From root √gam (to go) + -ta suffix.

Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

सूर्ये (sūrye) - when the sun (is) (in the sun, when the sun)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun god

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

सन्ध्याकाले (sandhyākāle) - at evening time, at dusk

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sandhyākāla

sandhyākāla - evening time, twilight, dusk (sandhyākāla)

Compound of sandhyā (twilight) and kāla (time).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sandhyā+kāla)

• sandhyā – twilight, dusk, juncture of day and night
  noun (feminine)
  From sam-dhi (joining).
• kāla – time, season, period
  noun (masculine)

उपस्थिते (upasthite) - when evening time has arrived (having approached, being present, arrived)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - approached, present, arrived, standing near

Past Passive Participle

From prefix upa- + √sthā (to stand) + -ta suffix.

Prefix: upa

Root: √sthā (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad (that) + tas (ablative suffix).

नेष्यथ (neṣyatha) - you will take (your son with you) (you (pl.) will lead, you (pl.) will take, you (pl.) will carry)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of nī

Future Active Indicative

From root √nī (to lead).

Root: √nī (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

पुत्रम् (putram) - son, child

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

इह-स्थाः (iha-sthāḥ) - remaining in the forest (staying here, being in this place)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of iha-stha

iha-stha - staying here, present here

Compound of iha (here) and stha (standing, being).

Compound type : tatpurusha (iha+stha)

• iha – here, in this world, at this place
  indeclinable
• stha – standing, staying, being, located
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √sthā (to stand).
  Root: √sthā (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

भविष्यथ (bhaviṣyatha) - you (pl.) will be, you (pl.) will become

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future Active Indicative

From root √bhū (to be).

Root: √bhū (class 1)