महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-149, verse-43

समैः सम्यक्प्रयुक्तैश्च वचनैः प्रश्रयोत्तरैः ।
यद्गच्छथ जलस्थायं स्नेहमुत्सृज्य दुस्त्यजम् ॥४३॥

43. samaiḥ samyakprayuktaiśca vacanaiḥ praśrayottaraiḥ ,
yadgacchatha jalasthāyaṁ snehamutsṛjya dustyajam.

43. samaiḥ samyakprayuktaiḥ ca vacanaiḥ praśrayottaraiḥ
yat gacchatha jalasthāyam sneham utsṛjya dustyajam

43. yat dustyajam sneham utsṛjya samaiḥ samyakprayuktaiḥ
ca praśrayottaraiḥ vacanaiḥ jalasthāyam gacchatha

43. That you are abandoning an affection (sneha) that is difficult to relinquish, and going towards the one dwelling in water, swayed by the appropriate, well-uttered, and polite words (of the vulture).

Words meanings summery:

• समैः (samaiḥ) - by appropriate (words) (by equal, by fitting, by appropriate)

• सम्यक्प्रयुक्तैः (samyakprayuktaiḥ) - by well-uttered (words) (by well-applied, by well-uttered)

• च (ca) - and

• वचनैः (vacanaiḥ) - by words (by words, by speeches)

• प्रश्रयोत्तरैः (praśrayottaraiḥ) - by polite words (by words followed by humility, by humble words)

• यत् (yat) - that (that (conjunction), which)

• गच्छथ (gacchatha) - you go (you go (plural))

• जलस्थायम् (jalasthāyam) - towards the one dwelling in water (the turtle) (dwelling in water (accusative))

• स्नेहम् (sneham) - affection (affection, love (accusative))

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - abandoning (abandoning, giving up, relinquishing)

• दुस्त्यजम् (dustyajam) - difficult to relinquish (difficult to abandon, hard to give up)

Words meanings and morphology

समैः (samaiḥ) - by appropriate (words) (by equal, by fitting, by appropriate)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sama

sama - equal, similar, same, appropriate

Note: Modifies vacanaiḥ

सम्यक्प्रयुक्तैः (samyakprayuktaiḥ) - by well-uttered (words) (by well-applied, by well-uttered)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of samyakprayukta

samyakprayukta - well-applied, properly used, well-spoken

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj with prefixes sam + pra, past participle suffix -ta

Compound type : avyayībhāva (samyak+prayukta)

• samyak – properly, truly, rightly
  indeclinable
  Adverbial form of samyañc
• prayukta – applied, employed, uttered, spoken
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yuj with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Modifies vacanaiḥ

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वचनैः (vacanaiḥ) - by words (by words, by speeches)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, utterance

From root vac, suffix -ana

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रश्रयोत्तरैः (praśrayottaraiḥ) - by polite words (by words followed by humility, by humble words)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of praśrayottara

praśrayottara - followed by humility, humble, polite

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (praśraya+uttara)

• praśraya – humility, politeness, reverence
  noun (masculine)
  From root śri with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: śri (class 1)
• uttara – following, superior, answer
  adjective

Note: Modifies vacanaiḥ

यत् (yat) - that (that (conjunction), which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, because

Relative pronoun (neuter nominative/accusative singular) used as a conjunction

Note: Conjunction, often appears as yat or yad depending on sandhi.

गच्छथ (gacchatha) - you go (you go (plural))

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Present Active

Root gam (1st class, Parasmaipada), Present tense, 2nd person plural

Root: gam (class 1)

जलस्थायम् (jalasthāyam) - towards the one dwelling in water (the turtle) (dwelling in water (accusative))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jalasthāya

jalasthāya - abiding in water, water-dweller

From jala (water) + sthā (to stand/stay) + suffix -ya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+sthāya)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• sthāya – standing, staying, situated
  adjective
  From root sthā with suffix -ya
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to the turtle

स्नेहम् (sneham) - affection (affection, love (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sneha

sneha - affection, love, tenderness, oil, unctuousness

Root: snih (class 4)

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - abandoning (abandoning, giving up, relinquishing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root sṛj with prefix ut, suffix -ya

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

दुस्त्यजम् (dustyajam) - difficult to relinquish (difficult to abandon, hard to give up)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dustyaja

dustyaja - difficult to abandon, hard to give up

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From prefix dus + root tyaj + suffix -ya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+tyaja)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  prefix
• tyaja – to be abandoned, relinquishable
  adjective
  Gerundive
  From root tyaj
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Modifies sneham